Volpe Gustavo Jardim, Vessoni Sandra Coccuzzo Sampaio, Soares Lais Braga, Leite Dos Santos Almeida Maria Aparecida Alves, Braga Patrícia Emília, de Moraes Glenda Renata, Ferreira Natasha Nicos, Garibaldi Pedro Manoel Marques, Kashima Simone, Fonseca Benedito Antônio Lopes, Calado Rodrigo Tocantins, García Hugo Alberto Brango, de França João Italo Dias, de Lima Marcos Alves, Pacheco Pedro Henrique de Mesquita, Borges Marcos Carvalho, Covas Dimas Tadeu
Serrana State Hospital, Serrana, São Paulo, Brazil.
Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
IJID Reg. 2023 Jun;7:222-229. doi: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2023.04.003. Epub 2023 Apr 6.
The long-term humoral immune response after vaccination varies between vaccines and is dependent on the accuracy of the antibody test. A better understanding of the vaccine immune response may help to define vaccination strategies against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
To investigate the long-term immunological response to CoronaVac vaccine and determinants of breakthrough COVID-19 infection.
A long-term, prospective cohort study involving vaccinated adult and elderly subjects was conducted to investigate the presence of anti-RBD-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)G, anti-nucleocapsid IgG and anti-spike trimeric protein IgG. Antibody level dynamics and risk factors associated with breakthrough COVID-19 infection were investigated.
In total, 3902 participants were included in this study. Vaccination with two doses of CoronaVac and a booster dose increased the levels of anti-RBD-specific IgG, anti-nucleocapsid IgG and anti-spike trimeric IgG significantly. In adults, anti-nucleocapsid IgG and anti-spike trimeric IgG levels decreased significantly 7 months after the second dose. In adults and the elderly, the levels of anti-spike trimeric IgG and anti-RBD IgG decreased significantly 4 and 6 months after the booster dose, respectively. Previous exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and anti-spike trimeric IgG titres was independently associated with a lower probability of post-vaccination infection.
A significant increase in antibody levels was found after two doses of CoronaVac and a booster dose. Antibody titres declined significantly 7 months post-vaccination in participants who did not receive a booster dose. Higher levels of antibodies and previous SARS-CoV-2 infection were associated with protection against breakthrough COVID-19.
接种疫苗后的长期体液免疫反应因疫苗而异，且取决于抗体检测的准确性。更好地了解疫苗免疫反应可能有助于确定针对2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的疫苗接种策略。
研究科兴新冠疫苗的长期免疫反应及突破性COVID-19感染的决定因素。
开展一项针对接种疫苗的成人和老年人的长期前瞻性队列研究，以检测抗受体结合域（RBD）特异性免疫球蛋白（Ig）G、抗核衣壳IgG和抗刺突三聚体蛋白IgG的存在情况。研究抗体水平动态变化以及与突破性COVID-19感染相关的风险因素。
本研究共纳入3902名参与者。接种两剂科兴新冠疫苗并接种加强针后，抗RBD特异性IgG、抗核衣壳IgG和抗刺突三聚体IgG水平显著升高。在成年人中，第二剂接种7个月后，抗核衣壳IgG和抗刺突三聚体IgG水平显著下降。在成年人和老年人中，加强针接种后4个月和6个月，抗刺突三聚体IgG和抗RBD IgG水平分别显著下降。既往接触过严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）以及抗刺突三聚体IgG滴度与接种疫苗后感染的可能性较低独立相关。
两剂科兴新冠疫苗并接种加强针后，抗体水平显著升高。未接种加强针的参与者在接种疫苗7个月后抗体滴度显著下降。更高的抗体水平和既往SARS-CoV-2感染与预防突破性COVID-19相关。
