Research Group 3D Printing and Biofabrication, Institute of Materials Science and Technology, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria.
Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration (https://www.tissue-regeneration.at), Vienna, Austria.
Sci Rep. 2022 May 23;12(1):8626. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-11612-y.
Multi-photon lithography (MPL) has proven to be a suitable tool to precisely control the microenvironment of cells in terms of the biochemical and biophysical properties of the hydrogel matrix. In this work, we present a novel method, based on multi-photon photografting of 4,4'-diazido-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonic acid (DSSA), and its capabilities to induce cell alignment, directional cell migration and endothelial sprouting in a gelatin-based hydrogel matrix. DSSA-photografting allows for the fabrication of complex patterns at a high-resolution and is a biocompatible, universally applicable and straightforward process that is comparably fast. We have demonstrated the preferential orientation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) in response to a photografted pattern. Co-culture spheroids of hASCs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) have been utilized to study the directional migration of hASCs into the modified regions. Subsequently, we have highlighted the dependence of endothelial sprouting on the presence of hASCs and demonstrated the potential of photografting to control the direction of the sprouts. MPL-induced DSSA-photografting has been established as a promising method to selectively alter the microenvironment of cells.
多光子光刻（MPL）已被证明是一种合适的工具，可以精确控制细胞的微环境，包括水凝胶基质的生化和物理特性。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种新方法，基于 4,4'-二叠氮基-2,2'-联苯二磺酸（DSSA）的多光子光接枝及其在基于明胶的水凝胶基质中诱导细胞排列、定向细胞迁移和内皮发芽的能力。DSSA 光接枝允许以高分辨率制造复杂图案，是一种生物相容、普遍适用且简单的过程，速度相当快。我们已经证明了人脂肪来源干细胞（hASCs）对光接枝图案的优先取向。hASCs 和人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVEC）的共培养球体已被用于研究 hASCs 定向迁移到修饰区域。随后，我们强调了内皮发芽对 hASCs 存在的依赖性，并证明了光接枝控制芽方向的潜力。MPL 诱导的 DSSA 光接枝已被确立为一种有前途的方法，可以选择性地改变细胞的微环境。
