Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, University of Turin, via Quarello 15, Torino, 10135, Italy.
Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20133, Italy.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2022 Aug;11(15):e2200340. doi: 10.1002/adhm.202200340. Epub 2022 Jun 4.
Mucus is a complex barrier for pharmacological treatments and overcoming it is one of the major challenges faced during transmucosal drug delivery. To tackle this issue, a novel class of glycosylated nanoparticles, named "mucosomes," which are based on the most important protein constituting mucus, the mucin, is introduced. Mucosomes are designed to improve drug absorption and residence time on the mucosal tissues. Mucosomes are produced (150-300 nm), functionalized with glycans, and loaded with the desired drug in a single one-pot synthetic process and, with this method, a wide range of small and macro molecules can be loaded with different physicochemical properties. Various in vitro models are used to test the mucoadhesive properties of mucosomes. The presence of functional glycans is indicated by the interaction with lectins. Mucosomes are proven to be storable at 4 °C after lyophilization, and administration through a nasal spray does not modify the morphology of the mucosomes. In vitro and in vivo tests indicate mucosomes do not induce adverse effects under the investigated conditions. This study proposes mucosomes as a ground-breaking nanosystem that can be applied in several pathological contexts, especially in mucus-related disorders.
黏液是药物治疗的复杂屏障，克服它是跨黏膜药物递送过程中面临的主要挑战之一。为了解决这个问题，引入了一类新型的糖基化纳米颗粒，称为“黏液体”，它基于构成黏液的最重要的蛋白质——黏蛋白。黏液体旨在改善药物在黏膜组织上的吸收和驻留时间。黏液体通过单一的一锅合成工艺生产（150-300nm），功能化糖，并将所需药物载入其中，通过这种方法，可以载入具有不同物理化学性质的各种小分子和大分子。各种体外模型用于测试黏液体的黏膜黏附特性。功能性糖的存在通过与凝集素的相互作用来指示。证明黏液体在冻干后可在 4°C 下储存，并且通过鼻喷雾剂给药不会改变黏液体的形态。体外和体内试验表明，在研究条件下，黏液体不会引起不良反应。本研究提出黏液体作为一种突破性的纳米系统，可应用于多种病理情况，特别是与黏液相关的疾病。
