Vertical structure of conventionally neutral atmospheric boundary layers.

SignificanceThe presented model describes the vertical structure of conventionally neutral atmospheric boundary layers. Due to the complicated interplay between buoyancy, shear, and Coriolis effects, analytical descriptions have been limited to the mean wind speed. We introduce an analytical approach based on the Ekman equations and the basis function of the universal potential temperature flux profile that allows one to describe the wind and turbulent shear stress profiles and hence capture features like the wind veer profile. The analytical profiles are validated against high-fidelity large-eddy simulations and atmospheric measurements. Our findings contribute to the scientific community's fundamental understanding of atmospheric turbulence with direct relevance for weather forecasting, climate modeling, and wind energy applications.