Department of Physiology, School of medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Department of Physiology, School of medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Department of Neuroscience, School of Science and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Physiol Behav. 2022 Sep 1;253:113853. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113853. Epub 2022 May 21.
This study was designed to explore the effects of valproic acid (VPA) on spatial and passive avoidance learning and memory as well as to assess the protective effects of L-Carnitine (LC) against VPA-induced memory deficit in the rat. Male Wistar rats received VPA (300 mg/kg/daily by i.p. injection), or LC (50 mg/kg/ daily by i.p. injection), or co-treatment with VPA and LC for 28 days. Following 28 days, Elevated Plus-Maze (EPM), Morris Water Maze (MWM), and Passive Avoidance Learning (PAL) tasks were used to evaluate the anxiety-like behavior and spatial and passive learning and memory, respectively. Our results showed that VPA has no effect on memory acquisition (in both MWM and PAL) but induced reference memory impairment. We demonstrated that treatment with LC partially ameliorated the impairment in the retrieval of reference memory and passive avoidance learning. Moreover, VPA increased anxiety-like behavior, which was partially reversed by the administration of LC. In conclusion, these results show that LC is effective in counteracting the anxiety-like behavior and reference memory impairment caused by VPA. Therefore, LC may serve as a possible therapeutic agent for VPA-induced memory change.
本研究旨在探讨丙戊酸（VPA）对空间和被动回避学习记忆的影响，并评估左旋肉碱（LC）对 VPA 诱导的大鼠记忆缺陷的保护作用。雄性 Wistar 大鼠接受 VPA（300mg/kg/天腹腔注射）、LC（50mg/kg/天腹腔注射）或 VPA 和 LC 联合治疗 28 天。28 天后，采用高架十字迷宫（EPM）、Morris 水迷宫（MWM）和被动回避学习（PAL）任务分别评估焦虑样行为以及空间和被动学习记忆。结果表明，VPA 对记忆获得（MWM 和 PAL 中）没有影响，但诱导参考记忆损伤。我们证明，LC 治疗部分改善了参考记忆和被动回避学习的检索损伤。此外，VPA 增加了焦虑样行为，而 LC 的给予部分逆转了这种行为。总之，这些结果表明 LC 可有效对抗 VPA 引起的焦虑样行为和参考记忆损伤。因此，LC 可能是治疗 VPA 诱导的记忆改变的一种潜在治疗剂。
