Song Kun-Baek, Park Min Jee, Choi Eom Ji, Jung Sungsu, Yoon Jisun, Cho Hyun-Ju, Kim Bong-Seong, Ahn Kangmo, Kim Kyung Won, Shin Youn Ho, Suh Dong In, Hong Soo-Jong, Lee So-Yeon
Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Pediatrics, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu, Korea.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2022 May;33(5):e13786. doi: 10.1111/pai.13786.
The level of pollen in Korea has increased over recent decades. Research suggests that oral allergy syndrome (OAS) may be more frequent in childhood than previously recognized. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of OAS in children aged 6-10 years from a general-population-based birth cohort.
We analyzed 930 children from the cohort for childhood origin of asthma and allergic diseases (COCOA). Allergic diseases were diagnosed annually by pediatric allergists. The skin prick tests were performed with 14 common inhalant allergens and four food allergens for the general population of children aged 3 and 7 years.
Of the 930 eligible children, 44 (4.7%) aged 6-10 years were diagnosed with OAS. The mean age at onset was 6.74 years. OAS prevalence was 7.2% among children with allergic rhinitis (AR) and 19.1% among those with pollinosis, depending on comorbidity. OAS was more prevalent in schoolchildren with atopic dermatitis, food allergy, and sensitization to food allergens and grass pollen in early childhood. In schoolchildren with AR, only a history of food allergy until the age of 3 years increased the risk of OAS (aOR 2.971, 95% CI: 1.159-7.615).
Food allergy and food sensitization in early childhood were associated with OAS in schoolchildren with AR. Further study is required to elucidate the mechanism by which food allergy in early childhood affects the development of OAS.
近几十年来，韩国的花粉水平有所上升。研究表明，口腔过敏综合征（OAS）在儿童期可能比之前认为的更为常见。我们旨在调查一个基于普通人群的出生队列中6至10岁儿童OAS的患病率及特征。
我们分析了哮喘和过敏性疾病儿童起源队列研究（COCOA）中的930名儿童。儿科过敏专家每年对过敏性疾病进行诊断。对3岁和7岁儿童的普通人群，用14种常见吸入性变应原和4种食物变应原进行皮肤点刺试验。
在930名符合条件的儿童中，44名（4.7%）6至10岁儿童被诊断为OAS。发病的平均年龄为6.74岁。根据合并症情况，过敏性鼻炎（AR）儿童中OAS患病率为7.2%，花粉症儿童中为19.1%。OAS在患有特应性皮炎、食物过敏以及在幼儿期对食物变应原和草花粉致敏的学童中更为普遍。在患有AR的学童中，只有3岁前有食物过敏史会增加患OAS的风险（调整后比值比2.971，95%置信区间：1.159 - 7.615）。
幼儿期的食物过敏和食物致敏与患有AR的学童的OAS有关。需要进一步研究以阐明幼儿期食物过敏影响OAS发生发展的机制。
