Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
Autophagy. 2022 Jun;18(6):1481-1482. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2080956. Epub 2022 May 26.
The role of meiotic proteasome-mediated degradation has been extensively studied. At the same time, macroautophagy/autophagy only emerged recently as an essential regulator for meiosis progression. Our recent publication showed that autophagy in meiotic cells exhibits a temporal pattern distinct from that in quiescent cells or mitotic cells under prolonged starvation. Importantly, autophagic activity oscillates during meiotic cell divisions, i.e., meiosis I and meiosis II, which can accelerate meiotic progression and increase sporulation efficiency. Our and assays revealed that the conserved phosphatase Cdc14 stimulates autophagy initiation during meiotic divisions, specifically in anaphase I and II, when a subpopulation of active Cdc14 relocates to the cytosol and interacts with phagophore assembly sites (PAS) triggering the dephosphorylation of Atg13 to stimulate Atg1 kinase activity and autophagy. Together, our findings reveal a mechanism for the coordination of autophagy activity in the context of meiosis progression.
减数分裂蛋白酶体介导的降解作用已经得到了广泛的研究。与此同时，宏观自噬/自噬最近才作为一个重要的调节因子出现，对减数分裂进程起作用。我们最近的研究表明，在长时间饥饿的情况下，减数分裂细胞中的自噬表现出与静止细胞或有丝分裂细胞不同的时间模式。重要的是，自噬活性在减数分裂细胞分裂过程中（即减数分裂 I 和减数分裂 II）波动，这可以加速减数分裂进程并提高孢子形成效率。我们的实验揭示了保守的磷酸酶 Cdc14 在减数分裂分裂过程中刺激自噬的起始，特别是在后期 I 和 II 时，一部分活性 Cdc14 重新定位到细胞质中，并与噬菌斑组装位点 (PAS) 相互作用，触发 Atg13 的去磷酸化，从而刺激 Atg1 激酶活性和自噬。总之，我们的研究结果揭示了在减数分裂进程中协调自噬活性的一种机制。
