Scheres Luuk J J, van Hylckama Vlieg Astrid, Cannegieter Suzanne C
Department of Clinical Epidemiology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands.
Department of Internal Medicine & Radboud Institute of Health Sciences (RIHS) Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands.
Res Pract Thromb Haemost. 2022 May 23;6(4):e12722. doi: 10.1002/rth2.12722. eCollection 2022 May.
Men seem to have a higher intrinsic risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) than women, regardless of age. To date, this difference has not been explained. By integrating state-of-the-art research presented at the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Congress of 2021 with the available literature, we address potential explanations for this intriguing risk difference between men and women. We discuss the role of exogenous and endogenous sex hormones as the most important known sex-specific determinants of VTE risk. In addition, we highlight clues on the role of sex hormones and VTE risk from clinical scenarios such as pregnancy and the polycystic ovary syndrome. Furthermore, we address new potential sex-specific risk factors and unanswered research questions, which could provide more insight in the intrinsic risk difference between men and women, such as body height and differences in body fat distribution, leading to dysregulation of metabolism and inflammation.
无论年龄如何，男性发生静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）的内在风险似乎高于女性。迄今为止，这种差异尚未得到解释。通过将2021年国际血栓与止血学会大会上展示的最新研究与现有文献相结合，我们探讨了这种男性和女性之间有趣的风险差异的潜在解释。我们讨论了外源性和内源性性激素作为已知最重要的特定性别VTE风险决定因素的作用。此外，我们强调了诸如怀孕和多囊卵巢综合征等临床情况中性激素与VTE风险关系的线索。此外，我们还探讨了新的潜在特定性别风险因素和未解决的研究问题，这些问题可能会为男性和女性之间的内在风险差异提供更多见解，例如身高和体脂分布差异，导致代谢和炎症失调。
