Contribution of migratory types to the reproduction of migrating silver eels in a tropical eel, .

The recent noticeable depletion of the catadromous eel populations has created global concerns for the eel stocks. Thus, the demand for tropical catadromous eels, which are a major alternate target species to compensate temperate species, is sharply increasing. However, eminently little is known regarding the biology and ecology of tropical eels across the Indo-Pacific region. To elucidate the contribution to reproduction among migratory types in a tropical eel, , which is currently considered a major commercial target species, the otolith microchemistry was examined in silver (matured) stage eels. The broad range of otolith Sr:Ca ratios indicated that the habitat use was opportunistic among sea, brackish and fresh waters after recruitment to the continental habitats. Two migratory types, estuarine resident and marine resident eels, were found, but no freshwater resident eel, which is considered as the typical catadromous migration, was found. The lack of freshwater resident eels among all silver eels suggests that the estuarine and marine migrants colonizing adjacent to coastal areas might facilitate a substantial contribution to reproduction for the following generation in this area.