Shirzadi Zahra, Daneshzad Elnaz, Dorosty Ahmadreza, Surkan Pamela J, Azadbakht Leila
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
J Cardiovasc Thorac Res. 2022;14(1):1-10. doi: 10.34172/jcvtr.2022.01. Epub 2022 Feb 26.
Given that some plant-based foods, such as potatoes, adversely affect cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, this study was performed to assess the association between plant dietary patterns and these risk factors. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 371 healthy 18 to 50 year-old Iranian women. Participant dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Nineteen food groups were ranked in deciles and received scores from 1 to 10. An overall plant-based dietary index (PDI), a healthy plant-based dietary index (hPDI), and an unhealthy plant-based dietary index (uPDI) were calculated. Participants who scored in the top tertile of the PDI or uPDI consumed less fat and protein and more carbohydrates, compared to women in the lowest tertile ( < 0.05). There was no significant variation in macronutrient consumption between the highest and lowest tertiles of hPDI. Participants who scored in the highest tertile of PDI had lower low density cholesterol level (LDL) (79.61 ± 14.36 mg dL-1 vs. 83.01 ± 14.96 mg/dL-1, = 0.021). In addition, higher adherence to uPDI was associated with higher triglyceride (TG) levels compared to participants with lower adherence (101.5 ± 56.55 mg/dL-1 vs. 97.70 ± 56.46 mg dL-1, < 0.0001). Here was no significant association between PDI, hPDI and uPDI and CVD risk factors in regression model. We found no significant association between plant-based dietary indices and CVD risk factors in women, except for LDL-C and TG. Future cohort studies are needed to confirm these findings.
鉴于某些植物性食物，如土豆，会对心血管疾病（CVD）风险因素产生不利影响，本研究旨在评估植物性饮食模式与这些风险因素之间的关联。这项横断面研究在371名年龄在18至50岁的健康伊朗女性中进行。使用经过验证的食物频率问卷评估参与者的饮食摄入量。将19个食物组按十分位数排名，并给予1至10分。计算了总体植物性饮食指数（PDI）、健康植物性饮食指数（hPDI）和不健康植物性饮食指数（uPDI）。与处于最低三分位数的女性相比，PDI或uPDI得分处于最高三分位数的参与者摄入的脂肪和蛋白质较少，碳水化合物较多（<0.05）。hPDI最高和最低三分位数之间的宏量营养素消耗没有显著差异。PDI得分处于最高三分位数的参与者的低密度胆固醇水平（LDL）较低（79.61±14.36mg/dL-1对83.01±14.96mg/dL-1，=0.021）。此外，与依从性较低的参与者相比，对uPDI的更高依从性与更高的甘油三酯（TG）水平相关（101.5±56.55mg/dL-1对97.70±56.46mg/dL-1，<0.0001）。在回归模型中，PDI、hPDI和uPDI与CVD风险因素之间没有显著关联。我们发现，除了LDL-C和TG外，植物性饮食指数与女性CVD风险因素之间没有显著关联。未来需要进行队列研究来证实这些发现。
