The Carniolan Honeybee from Slovenia-A Complete and Annotated Mitochondrial Genome with Comparisons to Closely Related Subspecies.

The complete mitochondrial genome of the Carniolan honeybee () from Slovenia, a homeland of this subspecies, was acquired in two contigs from WGS data and annotated. The newly obtained mitochondrial genome is a circular closed loop of 16,447 bp. It comprises 37 genes (13 protein coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 2 rRNA genes) and an AT-rich control region. The order of the tRNA genes resembles the order characteristic of . The mitogenomic sequence of from Slovenia contains 44 uniquely coded sites in comparison to the closely related subspecies and to from Austria. Furthermore, 24 differences were recognised in comparison between and subspecies. Among them, there are three SNPs that affect translation in the , , and genes, respectively. The phylogenetic placement of from Slovenia within C lineage deviates from the expected position and changes the perspective on relationship between C and O lineages. The results of this study represent a valuable addition to the information available in the phylogenomic studies of -a pollinator species of worldwide importance. Such genomic information is essential for this local subspecies' conservation and preservation as well as its breeding and selection.