Department of Veterinary Prevention and Feed Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13/29, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.
Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Fisheries, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna 45G, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
Toxins (Basel). 2022 May 18;14(5):354. doi: 10.3390/toxins14050354.
The objective of this study was to evaluate whether low doses of zearalenone (ZEN) affect the carry-over of ZEN and its metabolites to intestinal tissues and the expression of CYP1A1 and GSTπ1 in the large intestine. Prepubertal gilts (with a BW of up to 14.5 kg) were exposed in group ZEN to daily ZEN5 doses of 5 μg/kg BW ( = 15); in group ZEN10, 10 μg/kg BW ( = 15); in group ZEN15, 15 μg/kg BW ( = 15); or were administered a placebo (group C, = 15) throughout the experiment. After euthanasia, tissues were sampled on exposure days 7, 21, and 42 (D1, D2, and D3, respectively). The results confirmed that the administered ZEN doses (LOAEL, NOAEL, and MABEL) were appropriate to reliably assess the carry-over of ZEN. Based on the observations made during 42 days of exposure to pure ZEN, it can be hypothesized that all mycotoxins (ZEN, α-zearalenol, and β-zearalenol) contribute to a balance between intestinal cells and the expression of selected genes encoding enzymes that participate in biotransformation processes in the large intestine; modulate feminization processes in prepubertal gilts; and elicit flexible, adaptive responses of the macroorganism to mycotoxin exposure at the analyzed doses.
本研究旨在评估低剂量玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEN）是否会影响 ZEN 及其代谢物向肠道组织的转移，以及 CYP1A1 和 GSTπ1 在大肠中的表达。在本实验中，选用未发情小母猪（体重最高可达 14.5kg），将其分为 ZEN5 组、ZEN10 组、ZEN15 组和对照组（每组 15 只）。ZEN5 组、ZEN10 组和 ZEN15 组小母猪每天分别接受 5μg/kg BW（ = 15）、10μg/kg BW（ = 15）和 15μg/kg BW（ = 15）的 ZEN 处理，对照组接受安慰剂处理。实验过程中小母猪在暴露第 7、21 和 42 天（分别为 D1、D2 和 D3）时被安乐死，然后采集组织样本。结果证实，所给予的 ZEN 剂量（LOAEL、NOAEL 和 MABEL）适用于可靠地评估 ZEN 的转移。基于在 42 天的纯 ZEN 暴露期间的观察结果，可以假设所有霉菌毒素（ZEN、α-玉米赤霉烯醇和β-玉米赤霉烯醇）都有助于肠道细胞之间的平衡以及参与大肠中生物转化过程的某些基因的表达；调节未发情小母猪的雌性化过程；并在分析剂量下引发宏观生物体对霉菌毒素暴露的灵活、适应性反应。
