Sleep Research Unit, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, USA.
EPAD, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, USA.
Sleep Med Rev. 2022 Jun;63:101631. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101631. Epub 2022 Apr 14.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) disrupts normal brain function and can lead to chronic symptoms of sleep disturbance, pain, irritability, and depression. Sleep disorders occur in 30-70% of individuals who have experienced TBI. Disturbed sleep impairs the recovery process and may exacerbate other issues that arise because of brain injury (e.g., headaches, depression). Noticeable benefits have been reported when sleep problems due to TBI are addressed and treated; for instance, treating post-TBI insomnia reduces the expression of inflammatory genes, potentially reducing ongoing neurological damage. In this review, we discuss twenty-four randomised clinical trials (RCT) published to date (August 2021), exploring interventions for sleep disturbances resulting from TBI. Treatment effects were observed for insomnia, circadian rhythm disorders, hypersomnia, and general sleep disturbance. However, the evidence remains limited and significant methodological issues are discussed with a recommendation for further research.
创伤性脑损伤 (TBI) 会破坏正常的大脑功能，并导致慢性睡眠障碍、疼痛、易怒和抑郁等症状。30-70%经历过 TBI 的人会出现睡眠障碍。睡眠障碍会影响恢复过程，并可能使因脑损伤而出现的其他问题恶化（例如，头痛、抑郁）。当因 TBI 导致的睡眠问题得到解决和治疗时，已经报告了明显的益处；例如，治疗创伤后失眠症可降低炎症基因的表达，潜在地减少持续的神经损伤。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了迄今为止（2021 年 8 月）发表的二十四项随机临床试验 (RCT)，这些研究探讨了针对 TBI 引起的睡眠障碍的干预措施。观察到了对失眠症、昼夜节律障碍、嗜睡症和一般睡眠障碍的治疗效果。然而，证据仍然有限，并且讨论了重大的方法学问题，并建议进一步研究。
