Sagol Brain Institute, Wohl Institute for Advanced Imaging, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, USA.
Sagol Brain Institute, Wohl Institute for Advanced Imaging, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, Tel-Aviv, Israel; School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2022 Jul;138:104694. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104694. Epub 2022 May 24.
Amygdala NeuroFeedback (NF) have the potential of being a valuable non-invasive intervention tool in many psychiatric disporders. However, the feasibility and best practices of this method have not been systematically examined. The current article presents a review of amygdala-NF studies, an analytic summary of study design parameters, and examination of brain mechanisms related to successful amygdala-NF performance. A meta-analysis of 33 publications showed that real amygdala-NF facilitates learned modulation compared to control conditions. In addition, while variability in study dsign parameters is high, these design choices are implicitly organized by the targeted valence domain (positive or negative). However, in most cases the neuro-behavioral effects of targeting such domains were not directly assessed. Lastly, re-analyzing six data sets of amygdala-fMRI-NF revealed that successful amygdala down-modulation is coupled with deactivation of the posterior insula and nodes in the Default-Mode-Network. Our findings suggest that amygdala self-modulation can be acquired using NF. Yet, additional controlled studies, relevant behavioral tasks before and after NF intervention, and neural 'target engagement' measures are critically needed to establish efficacy and specificity. In addition, the fMRI analysis presented here suggest that common accounts regarding the brain network involved in amygdala NF might reflect unsuccessful modulation attempts rather than successful modulation.
杏仁核神经反馈（NF）有可能成为许多精神障碍的一种有价值的非侵入性干预工具。然而，这种方法的可行性和最佳实践尚未得到系统的检查。本文回顾了杏仁核-NF 的研究，分析总结了研究设计参数，并检查了与成功的杏仁核-NF 表现相关的大脑机制。对 33 篇出版物的荟萃分析表明，与对照条件相比，真实的杏仁核-NF 促进了学习调节。此外，虽然研究设计参数的可变性很高，但这些设计选择是通过目标效价域（正或负）隐含组织的。然而，在大多数情况下，并未直接评估针对这些域的神经行为效应。最后，重新分析六个杏仁核 fMRI-NF 的数据集显示，成功的杏仁核下调与后岛叶和默认模式网络节点的去激活相关。我们的研究结果表明，使用 NF 可以获得杏仁核的自我调节。然而，还需要更多的对照研究、NF 干预前后的相关行为任务以及神经“目标参与”测量，以建立疗效和特异性。此外，这里提出的 fMRI 分析表明，关于杏仁核 NF 涉及的大脑网络的常见解释可能反映了不成功的调节尝试，而不是成功的调节。
