Son Jiseon, Kim Hee-Jin, Hong Eui-Chul, Kang Hwan-Ku
Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Pyeongchang 25342, Korea.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Apr 28;11(5):871. doi: 10.3390/antiox11050871.
Environmental factors such as stocking density and high temperature can cause oxidative stress and negatively affect the physiological status and meat quality of broiler chickens. Here, we evaluated the effects of heat stress on the growth performance, antioxidant levels, and meat quality of broilers under different stocking densities. A total of 885 28-day-old male broilers (Ross 308) were subjected to five treatments (16, 18, 21, 23, and 26 birds/m2) and exposed to high temperatures (33 °C for 24 h) for 7 days. High stocking density (23 and 26 birds/m2) resulted in significantly decreased body weight (p < 0.01) and superoxide dismutase activity in the blood (p < 0.05) and increased (p < 0.05) rectal temperature and corticosterone. Additionally, the concentrations of heat shock protein 70 and malondialdehyde in the liver were higher in the 26 birds/m2 group (p < 0.05). Similarly, the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity of breast meat increased linearly as the stocking density increased (p < 0.05). There was increased shear force in breast meat at low stocking density (p < 0.01). Thus, lower stocking density can relieve oxidative stress induced by high temperatures in broilers and improve the antioxidant capacity and quality of breast meat during hot seasons.
饲养密度和高温等环境因素会导致氧化应激，并对肉鸡的生理状态和肉质产生负面影响。在此，我们评估了不同饲养密度下热应激对肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化水平和肉质的影响。总共885只28日龄雄性肉鸡（罗斯308）接受了五种处理（每平方米16、18、21、23和26只鸡），并在高温（33℃，持续24小时）下暴露7天。高饲养密度（每平方米23和26只鸡）导致体重显著下降（p<0.01），血液中超氧化物歧化酶活性降低（p<0.05），直肠温度和皮质酮升高（p<0.05）。此外，每平方米26只鸡的组肝脏中热休克蛋白70和丙二醛的浓度更高（p<0.05）。同样，胸肉的2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼自由基清除活性随着饲养密度的增加呈线性增加（p<0.05）。低饲养密度下胸肉的剪切力增加（p<0.01）。因此，较低的饲养密度可以缓解高温引起的肉鸡氧化应激，并在炎热季节提高胸肉的抗氧化能力和品质。
