Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
Poult Sci. 2020 Oct;99(10):4653-4661. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.05.007. Epub 2020 Jun 16.
The objective of present study was to investigate the effects of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) dietary supplementation on the behavior, physiological and oxidant stress indicators, and bone quality in broilers under high stocking density (HSD) stress. A total of one thousand eight hundred 22-day-old Arbor Acres male broiler chicks were randomly allocated to 18 pens (2.97 × 2.03 m) in 3 groups: 14 birds/m (NSD, normal stocking density) or 18 birds/m (HSD) or 18 birds/m plus 300 mg/kg ALA dietary supplement (HSD + ALA, high stocking density + alpha-lipoic acid). Each treatment had 6 replicates, and the experiment lasted 3 wk. The HSD group was significantly lower than the NSD group (P < 0.05) in the frequency of eating, walking, and preening behavior. The alkaline phosphatase activity and serum calcium content were significantly higher, and the parathyroid hormone (PTH) level was significantly lower in the HSD group than in the NSD group (P < 0.05). When compared with the NSD group, the HSD group showed an increase (P < 0.05) in serum heterophil/lymphocyte ratio (H/L ratio), corticosterone (CORT), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and catalase (CAT) activity, whereas a decrease (P < 0.05) in total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) concentrations. The HSD group was also significantly lower (P < 0.05) than the NSD group in the tibia and femur breaking strength, bone mineral density, and BMC. Importantly, the addition of ALA into the diets of the HSD group enabled the HSD + ALA group to recover to the levels of NSD group (P > 0.05) in the standing and preening behavior, alkaline phosphatase activity, PTH concentration, H/L ratio, CAT, T-AOC, MDA, SOD, and GSH-Px. These results indicate that the increase of stocking density lowered the bone quality, increased the physiological and oxidative stress indicators, and modified the behavior of broilers, whereas ALA dietary supplementation could counteract the reduction in the performance and physiological responses of broilers under high-density environmental stress.
本研究旨在探讨日粮补充α-硫辛酸（ALA）对高密度饲养（HSD）应激下肉鸡行为、生理和氧化应激指标及骨骼质量的影响。将 1800 只 22 日龄的 Arbor Acres 雄性肉鸡雏鸡随机分配到 18 个鸡笼（2.97×2.03m）中，分为 3 组：14 只/笼（NSD，正常饲养密度）或 18 只/笼（HSD）或 18 只/笼加 300mg/kg ALA 日粮补充剂（HSD+ALA，高密度+α-硫辛酸）。每个处理有 6 个重复，试验持续 3 周。HSD 组鸡的采食、走动和理毛行为频率显著低于 NSD 组（P<0.05）。HSD 组碱性磷酸酶活性和血清钙含量显著升高，甲状旁腺激素（PTH）水平显著低于 NSD 组（P<0.05）。与 NSD 组相比，HSD 组血清异嗜性/淋巴细胞比值（H/L 比值）、皮质酮（CORT）、丙二醛（MDA）含量和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性升高（P<0.05），总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）浓度降低（P<0.05）。HSD 组胫骨和股骨断裂强度、骨密度和 BMC 也显著低于 NSD 组（P<0.05）。重要的是，在 HSD 组日粮中添加 ALA 使 HSD+ALA 组恢复到 NSD 组的水平（P>0.05）站立和理毛行为、碱性磷酸酶活性、PTH 浓度、H/L 比值、CAT、T-AOC、MDA、SOD 和 GSH-Px。这些结果表明，饲养密度的增加降低了骨骼质量，增加了生理和氧化应激指标，并改变了肉鸡的行为，而日粮补充 ALA 可以抵消高密度环境应激下肉鸡生产性能和生理反应的降低。
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