Khan Xavier, Rymer Caroline, Lim Rosemary, Ray Partha
Department of Animal Sciences, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6EU, UK.
Reading School of Pharmacy, School of Chemistry, Food & Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2022 Apr 27;11(5):587. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11050587.
Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programmes in human health and livestock production are vital to tackling antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Data on antimicrobial use (AMU), resistance, and drivers for AMU in livestock are needed to inform AMS efforts. However, such data are limited in Fiji. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the association between farmer (socio-economic, demographic) and livestock production and management factors with AMU. Information was collected using purposive and snowball sampling from 236 livestock farmers and managers located in Central and Western divisions, Viti Levu, Fiji. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with AMU in farms using an aggregated livestock farm model. Farms that raised cattle only for dairy (farm factor) were more likely to use antibiotics and anthelmintics ( = 0.018, OR = 22.97, CI 1.713, 308.075) compared to mixed cattle and poultry farms. Farms that maintained AMU records were more likely to use antibiotics ( = 0.045, OR = 2.65, CI 1.024, 6.877) compared to farms that did not. Other livestock production and management factors had no influence on AMU on the livestock farms. AMU in livestock farms was not influenced by the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of the farmer. There were differences between livestock enterprises regarding their management. The lack of association between management system and AMU could be because there was so much variation in management system, levels of farmer knowledge and awareness of AMU, and in management of farm biosecurity. Future studies exploring farmers' knowledge and awareness of AMU and livestock management are required to design AMS programmes promoting prudent AMU in all livestock farms locally.
人类健康和畜牧生产中的抗菌药物管理（AMS）计划对于应对抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）至关重要。需要有关畜牧生产中抗菌药物使用（AMU）、耐药性以及AMU驱动因素的数据，以为AMS工作提供信息。然而，此类数据在斐济很有限。因此，本研究旨在评估农民（社会经济、人口统计学）以及畜牧生产与管理因素与AMU之间的关联。通过立意抽样和滚雪球抽样，从位于斐济维提岛中部和西部行政区的236名畜牧养殖户和管理人员那里收集了信息。使用汇总畜牧场模型，通过多项逻辑回归来确定与农场AMU相关的因素。与牛和家禽混合养殖的农场相比，仅为产奶而养殖奶牛的农场（农场因素）更有可能使用抗生素和驱虫药（P = 0.018，OR = 22.97，CI 1.713，308.075）。与没有保存AMU记录的农场相比，保存AMU记录的农场更有可能使用抗生素（P = 0.045，OR = 2.65，CI 1.024，6.877）。其他畜牧生产与管理因素对畜牧场的AMU没有影响。畜牧场的AMU不受农民社会经济和人口统计学特征的影响。不同畜牧企业之间在管理方面存在差异。管理系统与AMU之间缺乏关联，可能是因为管理系统、农民对AMU的知识和认识水平以及农场生物安全管理方面存在很大差异。需要开展进一步研究，探索农民对AMU和畜牧管理的知识与认识，以便设计出能在当地所有畜牧场推广谨慎使用AMU的AMS计划。
