Ruvalcaba-Gómez José Martín, Villagrán Zuamí, Valdez-Alarcón Juan José, Martínez-Núñez Marcelino, Gomez-Godínez Lorena Jacqueline, Ruesga-Gutiérrez Edmundo, Anaya-Esparza Luis Miguel, Arteaga-Garibay Ramón Ignacio, Villarruel-López Angélica
National Center for Genetic Resources, National Institute of Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock Research, Boulevard de la Biodiversidad 400, Jalisco 47600, Mexico.
Los Altos University Center, University of Guadalajara, Av. Rafael Casillas Aceves 1200, Jalisco 47600, Mexico.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Jan 1;12(1):102. doi: 10.3390/ani12010102.
spp. is a facultative intracellular pathogen causing localized or systemic infections, involving economic and public health significance, and remains the leading pathogen of food safety concern worldwide, with poultry being the primary transmission vector. Antibiotics have been the main strategy for control for many years, which has allowed producers to improve the growth and health of food-producing animals. However, the utilization of antibiotics has been reconsidered since bacterial pathogens have established and shared a variety of antibiotic resistance mechanisms that can quickly increase within microbial communities. The use of alternatives to antibiotics has been recommended and successfully applied in many countries, leading to the core aim of this review, focused on (1) describing the importance of infection in poultry and the effects associated with the use of antibiotics for disease control; (2) discussing the use of feeding-based (prebiotics, probiotics, bacterial subproducts, phytobiotics) and non-feeding-based (bacteriophages, in ovo injection, vaccines) strategies in poultry production for control; and (3) exploring the use of complementary strategies, highlighting those based on -omics tools, to assess the effects of using the available antibiotic-free alternatives and their role in lowering dependency on the existing antimicrobial substances to manage bacterial infections in poultry effectively.
某菌属是一种兼性细胞内病原体，可引起局部或全身感染，具有经济和公共卫生意义，仍是全球食品安全关注的主要病原体，家禽是主要传播媒介。多年来，抗生素一直是主要的防控策略，这使得生产者能够改善食用动物的生长和健康状况。然而，由于细菌病原体已经建立并共享了多种抗生素耐药机制，这些机制可在微生物群落中迅速增加，因此抗生素的使用已被重新审视。许多国家已建议并成功应用抗生素替代品，这导致了本综述的核心目标，即重点关注：（1）描述该菌属在家禽中的感染重要性以及使用抗生素控制疾病的相关影响；（2）讨论在家禽生产中用于防控该菌属的基于饲料的（益生元、益生菌、细菌副产物、植物源生物活性物质）和非基于饲料的（噬菌体、蛋内注射、疫苗）策略；（3）探索互补策略的使用，重点是基于组学工具的策略，以评估使用现有无抗生素替代品的效果及其在降低对现有抗菌物质的依赖以有效管理家禽细菌感染方面的作用。
