De Francia Silvia, Ferretti Alessandro, Chiara Francesco, Allegra Sarah, Mancardi Daniele, Allice Tiziano Giacomo, Milia Maria Grazia, Gregori Gabriella, Burdino Elisa, Avanzini Claudio, Ghisetti Valeria, Durio Alessandra
Department of Biological and Clinical Sciences, University of Turin, S. Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy.
Department of Physics, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy.
Life (Basel). 2022 Apr 26;12(5):643. doi: 10.3390/life12050643.
Several important sex and gender differences in the clinical manifestation of diseases have been known for a long time but are still underestimated. The infectious Coronavirus 2019 disease pandemic has provided evidence of the importance of a sex and gender-based approach; it mainly affected men with worse symptomatology due to a different immune system, which is stronger in women, and to the Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and Transmembrane protease serine 2 roles which are differently expressed among the sexes. Additionally, women are more inclined to maintain social distance and smoke less. Analysis of data on the infectious Coronavirus 2019 disease testing from people admitted to the Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, a regional referral center for infectious diseases, has been applied to the whole of 2020 data (254,640 records). A high percentage of data in the dataset was not suitable due to a lack of information or entering errors. Among the suitable samples, records have been analyzed for positive/negative outcomes, matching records for unique subjects (N = 123,542), to evaluate individual recurrence of testing. Data are presented in age and sex-disaggregated ways. Analyses of the suitable sample also concerned the relation between testing and hospital admission motivation and symptoms. Our analysis indicated that a sex and gender-based approach is mandatory for patients and the National Health System's sustainability.
疾病临床表现中的一些重要性别差异早已为人所知，但仍被低估。2019年冠状病毒病大流行证明了基于性别的方法的重要性；由于免疫系统不同，该疾病主要影响症状更严重的男性，女性的免疫系统更强，且血管紧张素转换酶2和跨膜丝氨酸蛋白酶2在两性中的作用表达不同。此外，女性更倾向于保持社交距离且吸烟较少。对阿梅代奥·迪·萨沃亚医院（一家地区传染病转诊中心）收治患者的2019年冠状病毒病检测数据进行了分析，该分析涵盖了2020年全年的数据（254,640条记录）。由于信息缺失或录入错误，数据集中很大一部分数据不适用。在合适的样本中，对阳性/阴性结果的记录进行了分析，匹配了唯一受试者（N = 123,542）的记录，以评估检测的个体复发情况。数据按年龄和性别进行了分类呈现。对合适样本的分析还涉及检测与住院动机及症状之间的关系。我们的分析表明，基于性别的方法对患者和国家卫生系统的可持续性而言是必不可少的。
