Hung Tok Sheng, Bilad Muhammad Roil, Shamsuddin Norazanita, Suhaimi Hazwani, Ismail Noor Maizura, Jaafar Juhana, Ismail Ahmad Fauzi
Faculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410, Brunei.
Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jln UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 May 19;14(10):2073. doi: 10.3390/polym14102073.
Ultra-low-pressure membrane (ULPM) filtration has emerged as a promising decentralized water and wastewater treatment method. It has been proven effective in long-term filtration under stable flux without requiring physical or chemical cleaning, despite operating at considerably lower flux. The use of ultra-low pressure, often simply by hydrostatic force (often called gravity-driven membrane (GDM) filtration), makes it fall into the uncharted territory of common pressure-driven membrane filtration. The applied polymeric membrane is sensitive to compaction, wetting, and fouling. This paper reviews recent studies on membrane compaction, wetting, and fouling. The scope of this review includes studies on those phenomena in the ULPM and how they affect the overall performance of the system. The performance of GDM systems for water and wastewater treatment is also evaluated. Finally, perspectives on the future research direction of ULPM filtration are also detailed.
超低压膜（ULPM）过滤已成为一种很有前景的分散式水和废水处理方法。尽管通量相当低，但已证明它在稳定通量下进行长期过滤时有效，且无需物理或化学清洗。使用超低压，通常仅靠静水力（常称为重力驱动膜（GDM）过滤），使其进入了普通压力驱动膜过滤的未知领域。所应用的聚合物膜对压实、润湿和污染敏感。本文综述了关于膜压实、润湿和污染的近期研究。本综述的范围包括对ULPM中这些现象及其如何影响系统整体性能的研究。还评估了GDM系统在水和废水处理方面的性能。最后，还详细阐述了关于ULPM过滤未来研究方向的观点。
