Islam Zobida, Yamamoto Shohei, Mizoue Tetsuya, Tanaka Akihito, Oshiro Yusuke, Inamura Natsumi, Konishi Maki, Ozeki Mitsuru, Sugiura Wataru, Ohmagari Norio
Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan.
Department of Laboratory Testing, Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 May 13;10(5):776. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10050776.
Background: Hyperglycemia can alter the activation of innate and acquired immunity, but epidemiological evidence linking hyperglycemia to post-vaccination immunogenicity is limited. Objective: To examine the association between SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody titers after the COVID-19 vaccine and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and diabetes. Methods: Participants were 953 health care workers aged 21−75 years who were tested for SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG antibodies and underwent a health checkup two months after their second dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine. IFG was defined as a fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level of 100−125 mg/dL, and diabetes was defined as an FPG level ≥ 126 mg/dL or being under medical care for diabetes. Multivariable linear regression was used to calculate the ratio of the mean. Result: Spike IgG antibody titers were lower in the presence of hyperglycemia; the ratios of the means (95% CI) were 1.00, 0.79 (0.60−1.04), and 0.60 (0.42−0.87) for individuals with normoglycemia, IFG, and diabetes, respectively (p trend < 0.001). Restricted cubic spline regression analysis showed that IgG spike antibody titers decreased linearly with increasing concentrations of FPG. Conclusion: Diabetes and, to a lesser extent, IFG may be associated with poor humoral immune response after BNT162b2 vaccination.
高血糖可改变先天性和获得性免疫的激活，但将高血糖与疫苗接种后免疫原性联系起来的流行病学证据有限。目的：研究2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫苗接种后严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）刺突抗体滴度与空腹血糖受损（IFG）及糖尿病之间的关联。方法：研究对象为953名年龄在21至75岁之间的医护人员，他们接受了SARS-CoV-2刺突IgG抗体检测，并在接种第二剂BNT162b2疫苗两个月后进行了健康检查。IFG定义为空腹血糖（FPG）水平为100至125mg/dL，糖尿病定义为FPG水平≥126mg/dL或正在接受糖尿病治疗。采用多变量线性回归计算均值比。结果：高血糖状态下刺突IgG抗体滴度较低；血糖正常、IFG和糖尿病个体的均值比（95%CI）分别为1.00、0.79（0.60-1.04）和0.60（0.42-0.87）（p趋势<0.001）。受限立方样条回归分析显示，IgG刺突抗体滴度随FPG浓度升高呈线性下降。结论：糖尿病以及程度较轻的IFG可能与BNT162b2疫苗接种后体液免疫反应不佳有关。
