DANYLO HALYTSKY LVIV NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, LVIV, UKRAINE.
MUNICIPAL NON-PROFIT ENTERPRISE "LVIV CLINICAL EMERGENCY CARE HOSPITAL", LVIV, UKRAINE.
Wiad Lek. 2022;75(4 pt 1):781-786. doi: 10.36740/WLek202204106.
The aim: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the clinical and laboratory features of COVID-19 pneumonia course, the diagnostic significance of laboratory methods for detecting the SARS-CoV-2 virus based on a retrospective analysis.
Materials and methods: We studied the case histories of 96 patients who were treated at the Municipal Non-Profit Enterprise "Lviv Clinical Emergency Care Hospital" for the period from 01/07/2020 to 31/07/2020 with a diagnosis of pneumonia, which corresponded to 5 points on the CO -RADS scale. We analyzed the clinical and laboratory signs of COVID-19 pneumonia depending on the results of the Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) tests to the SARS-CoV-2 infection (positive result of RT-qPCR was observed in the first group and negative - in the second group).
Results: In both groups, no clinical differences in the course of the disease were found. The most common symptoms of coronavirus pneumonia were found with the same frequency in both patients with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis and without it. A positive PCR test in nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs was more often detected during testing up to 10 days, in patients over 60 years of age and in severe COVID-19.
Conclusions: The COVID-19 pneumonia diagnosis should be based on a combination of clinical, laboratory, and radiological signs of this disease. A negative PCR test result does not exclude the diagnosis of coronavirus disease. The test results are influenced by the timing of the sampling, the severity of the disease and the age of the patients.
本研究旨在通过回顾性分析，评估 COVID-19 肺炎病程的临床和实验室特征，以及检测 SARS-CoV-2 病毒的实验室方法的诊断意义。
我们研究了 96 例于 2020 年 7 月 1 日至 7 月 31 日在市非营利企业“利沃夫临床急救医院”治疗的肺炎患者的病历，这些患者的肺炎对应 CO-RADS 量表的 5 分。我们根据定量逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）检测 SARS-CoV-2 感染的结果（第一组观察到 RT-qPCR 阳性结果，第二组为阴性），分析 COVID-19 肺炎的临床和实验室特征。
在两组患者中，疾病病程均无明显的临床差异。在实验室确诊和未确诊的患者中，冠状病毒性肺炎最常见的症状以相同的频率出现。在检测至 10 天内，在 60 岁以上的患者和严重 COVID-19 患者中，更常检测到鼻咽和口咽拭子的阳性 PCR 试验。
COVID-19 肺炎的诊断应基于该病的临床、实验室和影像学特征的综合判断。PCR 检测结果为阴性并不能排除冠状病毒病的诊断。检测结果受到采样时间、疾病严重程度和患者年龄的影响。
