基于奥瑞姆自我护理理论的综合护理对抗磷脂综合征患者症状改善及妊娠结局的影响：一项回顾性队列研究。
Effects of Comprehensive Nursing Based on Orem's Self-Care Theory on Symptom Improvement and Pregnancy Outcome in Patients with Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
机构信息
Obstetrics Department of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University 100020, China.
出版信息
Comput Math Methods Med. 2022 May 19;2022:4133812. doi: 10.1155/2022/4133812. eCollection 2022.
OBJECTIVE
A retrospective cohort study was conducted to explore the effects of comprehensive nursing based on Orem's self-care theory on symptom improvement and pregnancy outcomes in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS).
METHODS
Sixty patients with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome treated in our hospital from February 2019 to April 2021 were enrolled. The control group received comprehensive nursing, while the study group received comprehensive nursing based on Orem's self-care theory. Nursing satisfaction, self-nursing ability, anxiety score, social support status, pregnancy outcome, and the score of life quality were compared between the two groups.
RESULTS
First of all, we compared the nursing satisfaction, the study group was very satisfied in 23 cases, satisfactory in 5 cases, general in 2 cases, the satisfaction rate was 100.00%. While in the control group, 11 cases were very satisfied, 10 cases were satisfied, 4 cases were general, and 5 cases were dissatisfied, the satisfaction rate was 83.33%. The nursing satisfaction in the study group was higher compared to the control group ( < 0.05). Secondly, the self-concept, sense of self-care responsibility, self-nursing skills, health knowledge, and total score of the study group were higher compared to the control group ( < 0.05). After intervention, the anxiety scores of the two groups decreased. Compared between the two groups, the anxiety scores of the study group before intervention and 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, and 4 weeks after intervention were lower compared to the control group ( < 0.05). The comparison of social support showed that the scores of objective support, subjective support, utilization of support, and total score of social support in the study group were higher compared to the control group ( < 0.05). The number of abortions in the control group was lower compared to the control group, and the number of full-term deliveries was higher compared to the control group ( < 0.05). Finally, we compared the scores of life quality. After nursing, the scores of life quality of the two groups increased. Of note, the scores of physiological function, psychological function, social function, and health self-cognition in the study group were lower compared to the control group ( < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Comprehensive nursing for patients with APS based on Orem's self-care theory can effectively improve clinical symptoms and pregnancy outcome and play a positive role in facilitating patients' nursing satisfaction and self-nursing ability, which can also effectively strengthen mental health and social support, this nursing model is worth popularizing in clinic.
目的
采用回顾性队列研究探讨奥瑞姆自理理论为基础的综合护理对抗磷脂抗体综合征（APS）患者症状改善和妊娠结局的影响。
方法
选取 2019 年 2 月至 2021 年 4 月我院收治的 60 例抗磷脂抗体综合征患者为研究对象，对照组给予综合护理，观察组给予奥瑞姆自理理论为基础的综合护理。比较两组护理满意度、自护能力、焦虑评分、社会支持状况、妊娠结局及生活质量评分。
结果
首先，比较两组护理满意度，观察组非常满意 23 例，满意 5 例，一般 2 例，满意度为 100.00%；对照组非常满意 11 例，满意 10 例，一般 4 例，不满意 5 例，满意度为 83.33%。观察组护理满意度高于对照组（<0.05）。其次，观察组自我概念、自我护理责任感、自我护理技能、健康知识水平、总分均高于对照组（<0.05）。干预后两组焦虑评分均降低，观察组干预前及干预后 1 周、2 周、3 周、4 周时焦虑评分均低于对照组（<0.05）。社会支持比较，观察组客观支持、主观支持、支持利用度及社会支持总分均高于对照组（<0.05）。对照组流产例数少于观察组，足月产例数多于对照组（<0.05）。最后，比较两组生活质量评分，护理后两组生活质量评分均升高，且观察组生理功能、心理功能、社会功能及健康自护认知评分均低于对照组（<0.05）。
结论
奥瑞姆自理理论为基础的综合护理用于抗磷脂抗体综合征患者可有效改善临床症状及妊娠结局，对提高患者护理满意度和自护能力具有积极作用，还能有效增强患者心理健康和社会支持，该护理模式值得临床推广。
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