Karlsson M, Nilsson S O, Ransjö U
Scand J Infect Dis. 1987;19(1):123-30. doi: 10.3109/00365548709032387.
A prevalence study of the antibiotic usage in the surgical departments at the Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, showed that 126/517 hospitalized patients (24%) received antibiotics and that 100/306 operated patients (33%) received antibiotics. 44 (44%) of the operated patients were given their antibiotics as prophylaxis and 46 (37%) of all patients receiving antibiotics were given them as prophylaxis. Antibiotics were administered intravenously to 35 (28%) patients, orally to 75 (60%), and topically to 16 patients (13%) (eye department only). The most commonly used drugs in prophylaxis were isoxazolylpenicillins and trimethoprim-sulphonamide while cephalosporins accounted for a minor part. In therapy the most commonly used drug was isoxazolylpenicillin, followed by ampicillin derivatives, metronidazole, tetracyclines, trimethoprim-sulphonamide and cephalosporins. The pattern of antibiotic usage differed markedly between departments.
一项针对斯德哥尔摩卡罗林斯卡医院外科抗生素使用情况的患病率研究表明，517名住院患者中有126名（24%）使用了抗生素，306名接受手术的患者中有100名（33%）使用了抗生素。44名（44%）接受手术的患者使用抗生素作为预防用药，在所有使用抗生素的患者中，有46名（37%）是作为预防用药。35名（28%）患者通过静脉注射使用抗生素，75名（60%）通过口服，16名患者（仅眼科，占13%）通过局部用药。预防用药中最常用的药物是异恶唑青霉素和甲氧苄啶 - 磺胺甲恶唑，而头孢菌素占比很小。在治疗中，最常用的药物是异恶唑青霉素，其次是氨苄西林衍生物、甲硝唑、四环素、甲氧苄啶 - 磺胺甲恶唑和头孢菌素。各科室之间抗生素使用模式差异显著。
