Griffiths L R, Bartzokas C A, Hampson J P, Ghose A R
J Hosp Infect. 1986 Sep;8(2):168-77. doi: 10.1016/0195-6701(86)90043-5.
All antibiotics prescribed for prophylaxis in a major teaching hospital were prospectively surveyed during 31 consecutive days. Of 2350 patients admitted during that period, 238 (10.1%) received antibiotics for prophylaxis. A total of 1238 operations were performed during the period of study, of which 201 (16.2%) were covered with antibiotics, at a cost of 3472 pounds. The use of prophylaxis increased according to the risk of peri-operative wound contamination, from 15.8% in Class I to 52.4% in Class III operations. The average cost of chemoprophylaxis also increased correspondingly. A further 40 regimens were issued for non-surgical prophylaxis at a cost of 258 pounds. Twenty antibiotics were prescribed either alone or in 37 different combinations for surgical prophylaxis, the most frequent being cephradine (22%), metronidazole (17%), penicillin (12%), and tobramycin (11%). The mean duration of antibiotic administration for all surgical procedures was 6.1 days.
在一家大型教学医院，对连续31天内所有用于预防的抗生素进行了前瞻性调查。在该期间收治的2350例患者中，238例（10.1%）接受了预防性抗生素治疗。在研究期间共进行了1238台手术，其中201台（16.2%）使用了抗生素，费用为3472英镑。预防性用药的使用根据围手术期伤口污染风险而增加，从I类手术的15.8%增加到III类手术的52.4%。化学预防的平均费用也相应增加。另外还开出了40种用于非手术预防的方案，费用为258英镑。单独或按37种不同组合开出了20种抗生素用于手术预防，最常用的是头孢拉定（22%）、甲硝唑（17%）、青霉素（12%）和妥布霉素（11%）。所有外科手术的抗生素平均使用时长为6.1天。
