van der Zee Ymie J, Stiers Peter L J, Evenhuis Heleen M
Royal Dutch Visio, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Department of General Practice, Intellectual Disability Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2022 May 12;16:733055. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.733055. eCollection 2022.
Visual functions of the dorsal stream are considered vulnerable in children with early brain damage. Considering the recognition of objects in suboptimal representations a dorsal stream dysfunction, we examined whether children with early brain damage and impaired object recognition had either general or selective dorsal stream dysfunctions.
In a group of children with early brain damage ( = 48) we evaluated the dorsal stream functioning. To determine whether these patients had an increased risk of a dorsal stream dysfunction we compared the percentage of patients with impaired object recognition, assessed with the L94, with the estimated base rate. Then we evaluated the performance levels on motion perception, visual attention and visuomotor tasks in patients with ( = 18) and without ( = 11) object recognition abnormalities. A general dorsal stream dysfunction was considered present if a patient showed at least one abnormally low score in two out of three additional dorsal stream functions.
Six of the eighteen (33.3%) patients with object recognition problems scored abnormally low on at least two additional dorsal stream functions. This was significantly higher than the base rate ( = 0.01). The difference of 24.1% between the patients with and without object recognition problems was not significant. Of the patients with object recognition problems 72.2% had at least 1 dorsal weakness, whereas this was only the case in 27.3% of patients without object recognition problems. Compared to patients with normal object recognition, patients with object recognition problems scored significantly more abnormally low on motion perception and visual attention (s = 0.03) but did not differ on visuomotor skills.
Children with object recognition problems seem at risk for other dorsal stream dysfunctions, but dysfunctions might be rather specific than general. Multiple functions/aspects should be evaluated in neuropsychological assessment of children at risk.
背侧视觉通路的功能在早期脑损伤儿童中被认为较为脆弱。鉴于在次优表征中识别物体被视为背侧视觉通路功能障碍，我们研究了早期脑损伤且物体识别受损的儿童是否存在一般性或选择性背侧视觉通路功能障碍。
在一组早期脑损伤儿童（n = 48）中，我们评估了背侧视觉通路的功能。为确定这些患者发生背侧视觉通路功能障碍的风险是否增加，我们将使用L94评估出的物体识别受损患者的百分比与估计的基础发生率进行了比较。然后，我们评估了物体识别异常（n = 18）和无物体识别异常（n = 11）的患者在运动感知、视觉注意力和视运动任务上的表现水平。如果患者在另外三项背侧视觉通路功能中的两项至少有一项得分异常低，则认为存在一般性背侧视觉通路功能障碍。
18名存在物体识别问题的患者中有6名（33.3%）在至少两项额外的背侧视觉通路功能上得分异常低。这显著高于基础发生率（p = 0.01）。有和无物体识别问题的患者之间24.1%的差异不显著。存在物体识别问题的患者中有72.2%至少有1项背侧功能缺陷，而在无物体识别问题的患者中这一比例仅为27.3%。与物体识别正常的患者相比，存在物体识别问题的患者在运动感知和视觉注意力方面得分异常低的情况显著更多（p = 0.03），但在视运动技能方面没有差异。
存在物体识别问题的儿童似乎有发生其他背侧视觉通路功能障碍的风险，但功能障碍可能更具特异性而非普遍性。在对有风险的儿童进行神经心理学评估时，应评估多种功能/方面。
