Guerrini Sofia, Hunter Edyta Monika, Papagno Costanza, MacPherson Sarah E
Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università degli studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.
Department of Psychology, London Metropolitan University, London, UK.
Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn. 2023 Sep-Nov;30(5):759-777. doi: 10.1080/13825585.2022.2079603. Epub 2022 May 29.
The Cognitive Reserve (CR) hypothesis accounts for individual differences in vulnerability to age- or pathological-related brain changes. It suggests lifetime influences (e.g., education) increase the effectiveness of cognitive processing in later life. While evidence suggests CR proxies predict cognitive performance in older age, it is less clear whether CR proxies attenuate age-related decline on social cognitive tasks. This study investigated the effect of CR proxies on unimodal and cross-modal emotion identification. Sixty-six older adults aged 60-78 years were assessed on CR proxies (Cognitive Reserve Index Questionnaire, NART), unimodal(faces only, voices only), and cross-modal (faces and voices combined) emotion recognition and executive function (Stroop Test). No CR proxy predicted performance on emotion recognition. However, NART IQ predicted performance on the Stroop test; higher NART IQ was associated with better performance. The current study suggests CR proxies do not predict performance on social cognition tests but do predict performance on cognitive tasks.
认知储备（CR）假说解释了个体在易受年龄或病理相关脑变化影响方面的差异。它表明终身影响因素（如教育）会提高晚年认知加工的效率。虽然有证据表明CR指标可预测老年人的认知表现，但CR指标是否能减轻社会认知任务中与年龄相关的衰退尚不清楚。本研究调查了CR指标对单模态和跨模态情绪识别的影响。对66名年龄在60 - 78岁的老年人进行了CR指标（认知储备指数问卷、国家成人阅读测验）、单模态（仅面部、仅声音）和跨模态（面部和声音结合）情绪识别以及执行功能（斯特鲁普测验）的评估。没有CR指标能预测情绪识别的表现。然而，国家成人阅读测验智商能预测斯特鲁普测验的表现；较高的国家成人阅读测验智商与较好的表现相关。当前研究表明，CR指标不能预测社会认知测试的表现，但能预测认知任务的表现。
