Eser Sagaltici, Bagcilar Research and TrainingHospital, Department of Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey.
Reyhan Bahçivan Saydam, Department of Social Work, Health Science Faculty, IstanbulUniversity-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey.
Work. 2022;72(3):1077-1085. doi: 10.3233/WOR-210517.
Early studies have revealed the psychological effects of the COVID-19 outbreak on healthcare workers (HCWs). Burnout and psychological outcomes of different medical professions during the pandemic have not yet been addressed.
The study aimed to investigate the burnout, depression, anxiety, and psychological distress levels of HCWs, and to determine the predictive factors of burnout in different professions of frontline HCWs during the pandemic.
This cross-sectional study included 253 HCWs (79 physicians, 95 nurses, and 79 other-HCWs). The Maslach Burnout Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Impact of Event Scale-Revised, and Sociodemographic Form were used.
Emotional exhaustion was significantly higher in physicians and nurses than in other frontline HCWs. While depersonalization was significantly higher in physicians than nurses / other HCWs, levels of avoidance, hyperarousal and intrusion were found to be higher in other HCWs / nurses than physicians. Depression was the most effective predicting variable for burnout, following age, quarantine, supervisor's/team leader's attitude, hyperarousal and avoidance.
It has been observed that depending on the uncertainty and life risk of the pandemic in HCWs involved in the treatment of COVID-19, physicians who are the decision-making authorities in the treatment process used more depersonalization than nurses and other HCWs. Nurses and other-HCWs had significantly higher distress symptoms than physicians. Both future research and psychosocial services should address those with high depressive symptoms as a potentially fragile subgroup for burnout among HCWs, and investigate and develop evidence-based interventions that can provide mental well-being, and prevent burnout.
早期研究揭示了 COVID-19 爆发对医护人员（HCWs）的心理影响。大流行期间不同医疗职业的倦怠和心理后果尚未得到解决。
本研究旨在调查 HCWs 的倦怠、抑郁、焦虑和心理困扰水平，并确定大流行期间一线 HCWs 不同职业倦怠的预测因素。
这是一项横断面研究，共纳入 253 名 HCWs（79 名医生、95 名护士和 79 名其他 HCWs）。使用了 Maslach 倦怠量表、贝克抑郁量表、贝克焦虑量表和修订后的事件影响量表 - 修订版以及社会人口学表格。
情绪耗竭在医生和护士中明显高于其他一线 HCWs。虽然医生的去人性化程度明显高于护士/其他 HCWs，但其他 HCWs/护士的回避、过度警觉和侵入程度高于医生。抑郁是倦怠的最有效预测变量，其次是年龄、隔离、主管/团队领导的态度、过度警觉和回避。
根据 COVID-19 治疗中参与治疗的 HCWs 的不确定性和生命风险，参与治疗的 HCWs 中，医生作为治疗过程中的决策权威，比护士和其他 HCWs 更多地使用去人性化。护士和其他 HCWs 的困扰症状明显高于医生。未来的研究和心理社会服务都应该关注那些有高度抑郁症状的人，因为他们是 HCWs 倦怠的潜在脆弱亚组，并调查和制定基于证据的干预措施，以提供心理健康，预防倦怠。
