Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Mental Health, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
J Psychiatr Res. 2022 Jul;151:531-538. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.05.043. Epub 2022 May 23.
Impaired cognitive flexibility has been suggested as a risk factor for the development of anorexia nervosa (AN). The current study aimed to 1) investigate cognitive flexibility in people at various levels of risk of AN; and 2) compare people with a history of AN to people at different levels of risk of AN in cognitive flexibility. The sample comprised of 262 community participants (79% female) and 36 participants with a lifetime diagnosis of AN (97.2% female) aged between 18 and 64 years old. Participants completed self-report (the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale short-form version, the Eating Disorders Examination-Questionnaire, the Neuroticism Scale, and the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory) and neurocognitive (the Trail Making Test and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test) assessments online to evaluate eating disorder symptoms, depression, neuroticism, and cognitive flexibility. Using a cluster analysis, participants were allocated into low-, medium-, and high-risk of AN groups (n = 88, 128, 46, and 36 respectively). Although high-risk participants self-reported significantly poorer cognitive flexibility than the other risk groups, performance on the neurocognitive tasks was similar across groups. Further, participants with lifetime AN reported significantly poorer cognitive flexibility than the low-risk group. People at high-risk of AN may perceive themselves to have poorer cognitive flexibility compared to those at a lower risk of AN. These results have implications for early identification of people at high-risk of AN.
认知灵活性受损被认为是厌食症 (AN) 发展的风险因素。本研究旨在：1) 调查处于不同 AN 风险水平的人群的认知灵活性；2) 比较有 AN 病史的人和处于不同 AN 风险水平的人群在认知灵活性方面的差异。该样本包括 262 名社区参与者（女性占 79%）和 36 名有 AN 病史的参与者（女性占 97.2%），年龄在 18 至 64 岁之间。参与者在线完成了自我报告（抑郁焦虑压力量表短版、饮食失调检查问卷、神经质量表和认知灵活性量表）和神经认知（走迷宫测试和威斯康星卡片分类测试）评估，以评估饮食失调症状、抑郁、神经质和认知灵活性。使用聚类分析，将参与者分为低、中、高 AN 风险组（n=88、128、46 和 36 人）。尽管高风险组参与者自我报告的认知灵活性明显差于其他风险组，但在神经认知任务上的表现却相似。此外，有 AN 病史的参与者的认知灵活性明显差于低风险组。高风险 AN 的人可能会觉得自己的认知灵活性比低风险 AN 的人差。这些结果对早期识别高风险 AN 的人群具有重要意义。
