Jiwa Natasha, Ezzat Ahmed, Holt Josephine, Wijayatilake Dhuleep S, Takats Zoltan, Leff Daniel Richard
Department of Surgery and Cancer, St Marys Hospital, Praed Street, London, W2 1NY, UK.
Royal Free NHS Trust, London, NW3 2QG, UK.
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2022 Apr 18;77:103625. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103625. eCollection 2022 May.
Nipple aspirate fluid is the physiological biofluid lining ductal epithelial cells. Historically, cytology of nipple fluid has been the gold standard diagnostic method for assessment of ductal fluid in patients with symptomatic nipple discharge. The role of biomarker discovery in nipple aspirate fluid for assessment of asymptomatic and high-risk patients is highly attractive but evaluation to date is limited by poor diagnostic accuracy. However, the emergence of new technologies capable of identifying metabolites that have been previously thought unidentifiable within such small volumes of fluid, has enabled testing of nipple biofluid to be re-examined. This review evaluates the use of new technologies to evaluate the components of nipple fluid and their potential to serve as biomarkers in screening.
乳头抽吸液是衬于导管上皮细胞的生理性生物流体。从历史上看，乳头液细胞学检查一直是评估有症状乳头溢液患者导管液的金标准诊断方法。在乳头抽吸液中发现生物标志物以评估无症状和高危患者的作用极具吸引力，但迄今为止的评估受到诊断准确性差的限制。然而，能够识别以前认为在如此少量液体中无法识别的代谢物的新技术的出现，使得对乳头生物流体的检测得以重新审视。本综述评估了使用新技术评估乳头液成分及其在筛查中作为生物标志物的潜力。
