Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya-City, Aichi 460-0001, Japan.
AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
J Clin Virol. 2022 Jul;152:105189. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2022.105189. Epub 2022 May 21.
Although the number of HIV-2-infected individuals is quite low in Japan, at least three groups of HIV-2 (A, B and CRF01_AB) have been detected thus far. In particular, CRF01_AB HIV-2 cases have been found only in limited areas, Cote d'Ivoire and Japan. Here, we demonstrate that Geenius HIV 1/2 Confirmatory Assay (Geenius, Bio-Rad Laboratories) is able to detect HIV-2 samples, including groups A, B and CRF01_AB, isolated in Japan.
A total of 57 plasma samples, including three panels (Ⅰ: HIV-2-positive samples [n=9], Ⅱ: HIV-1 infection with HIV-2 antibody cross-reactivity samples [n=37], and Ⅲ: HIV negative with biological false-positive HIV-2 samples [n=11]) were tested by Geenius.
Geenius determined Panel I to be "HIV-2 positive with/without HIV-1 cross-reactivity (n=4, respectively)", including HIV-2 group A and CRF01_AB. In the case with HIV-2 group B, all bands were detected, resulting in a Geenius interpretation of "HIV positive untypable". Geenius classified Panels II and III as "HIV-1 positive (n=37)" or "HIV negative (n=9)", "HIV indeterminate (n=1)" and "HIV-2 indeterminate (n=1)", suggesting 95.8% HIV-2 differentiation by Geenius.
With Geenius, there were fewer false-positives for HIV-1/-2 negativity and fewer cross-reactions with HIV-2 among HIV-1-positive samples. Additionally, the assay could detect HIV-2 genetic group CRF01_AB. Geenius can be expected to be a useful diagnostic tool that is an alternative to conventional Western blotting.
尽管日本的 HIV-2 感染者人数相当少，但迄今为止已经检测到至少三组 HIV-2（A、B 和 CRF01_AB）。特别是，仅在有限的地区，科特迪瓦和日本，发现了 CRF01_AB HIV-2 病例。在这里，我们证明 Geenius HIV 1/2 确证检测（Geenius，Bio-Rad Laboratories）能够检测到在日本分离的 HIV-2 样本，包括 A、B 和 CRF01_AB 组。
总共检测了 57 份血浆样本，包括三个小组（Ⅰ：HIV-2 阳性样本[n=9]，Ⅱ：HIV-1 感染与 HIV-2 抗体交叉反应样本[n=37]，和Ⅲ：HIV 阴性与生物假阳性 HIV-2 样本[n=11]），通过 Geenius 进行检测。
Geenius 确定 Panel I 为“HIV-2 阳性伴有/不伴有 HIV-1 交叉反应（分别为 n=4）”，包括 HIV-2 组 A 和 CRF01_AB。在 HIV-2 组 B 的情况下，所有条带均被检测到，Geenius 的解释为“HIV 阳性无法定型”。Geenius 将 Panels II 和 III 归类为“HIV-1 阳性（n=37）”或“HIV 阴性（n=9）”，“HIV 不确定（n=1）”和“HIV-2 不确定（n=1）”，表明 Geenius 能够区分 95.8%的 HIV-2。
与 Geenius 相比，HIV-1/-2 阴性的假阳性更少，HIV-1 阳性样本中的 HIV-2 交叉反应更少。此外，该检测能够检测到 HIV-2 遗传组 CRF01_AB。Geenius 有望成为一种有用的诊断工具，可替代传统的 Western blotting。
