National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture; Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture; Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2022 Jul 15;447:116086. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116086. Epub 2022 May 25.
Glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) is a popular herbicide, which may contaminate the water environment and affect aquatic animals. In this study, testes morphology, physiology function, apoptosis pathway, and spermatozoa quality of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) were evaluated after 7 days of GBH exposure (48.945 mg/l,1/2 of the 96 h LC value of GBH). Results showed that GBH induced spermatogenesis disorder by H.E. staining. The obvious vacuolar degenerations and fewer spermatids of the testes accompanied by decreased primary spermatocytes-type seminiferous tubules (PSc-STs) were observed. The extensive apoptosis of spermatids by TUNEL staining was visible. Meanwhile, testes'' characteristic enzyme activities associated with spermatogenesis, including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and acid phosphatase (ACP) were significantly decreased. Testes suffered oxidative damage as reflected by the significant decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, the significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, and heat shock proteins (HSP-70) mRNA expression. Further studies demonstrated that GBH induced apoptosis of testes through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by upregulating the relative mRNA expression of cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3 (Caspase-3), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), and downregulating B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2). Oxidative damage may be one of the causes of GBH-induced apoptosis in testes. After GBH exposure, the morphology of spermatophores was changed. The survival and the acrosome reaction (AR) ratio of spermatozoa was significantly decreased. Altogether, these results demonstrated that GBH affects spermatogenesis, spermatophore and spermatozoa quality of E.sinensis, which provides novel knowledge about the toxic effects of GBH on the reproductive system of crustaceans.
草甘膦基除草剂（GBH）是一种流行的除草剂，可能会污染水环境并影响水生动物。在这项研究中，在暴露于草甘膦 7 天后（48.945mg/L，草甘膦 96 小时 LC 值的 1/2），评估了中华绒螯蟹（Eriocheir sinensis）的睾丸形态、生理功能、凋亡途径和精子质量。结果表明，草甘膦通过 H.E.染色诱导精子发生障碍。可见明显的空泡变性和较少的精母细胞-精小管（PSc-ST），伴随着精原细胞型精小管减少。TUNEL 染色可见精母细胞广泛凋亡。同时，与精子发生相关的睾丸特征酶活性，包括乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）和酸性磷酸酶（ACP）显著降低。睾丸遭受氧化损伤，表现为超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性显著降低，丙二醛（MDA）含量显著增加，热休克蛋白（HSP-70）mRNA 表达上调。进一步的研究表明，草甘膦通过上调胱天冬氨酸特异性蛋白酶 3（Caspase-3）、Bcl-2 相关 X 蛋白（Bax）的相对 mRNA 表达，下调 B 细胞淋巴瘤 2（Bcl-2），诱导睾丸细胞凋亡。氧化损伤可能是草甘膦诱导睾丸细胞凋亡的原因之一。草甘膦暴露后，精子的形态发生变化。精子的存活率和顶体反应（AR）比例显著降低。总之，这些结果表明草甘膦影响中华绒螯蟹的精子发生、精囊和精子质量，为草甘膦对甲壳类动物生殖系统的毒性作用提供了新的知识。
