Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Policlinico Casilino General Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Department of Pharmacy, Federico II Naples University, Naples, Italy.
Ital J Pediatr. 2022 May 28;48(1):80. doi: 10.1186/s13052-022-01276-9.
S100B is an established biomarker of brain development and damage. Lutein (LT) is a naturally occurring xanthophyll carotenoid mainly concentrated in the central nervous system (CNS), but its neurotrophic role is still debated. We investigated whether LT cord blood concentrations correlate with S100B in a cohort of preterm and term healthy newborns.
We conducted a prospective study on the distribution of LT and S100B in arterial cord blood of healthy preterm (n = 50) and term (n = 50) newborns.
S100B and LT showed a pattern of concentration characterized by higher levels (P < 0.01, for all) at 33-36 weeks gestation (GA) followed by a progressive decrease (P < 0.01, for all) from 37 onwards with a dip at term. Both S100B and LT were gender-dependent with significantly (P < 0.01, for all) higher levels in females in preterm and term groups. S100B (R = 0.68; P < 0.001) and LT (R = 0.40; P = 0.005) correlated with GA at sampling. A positive significant correlation (R = 0.87; P < 0.001) between S100B and LT was found.
The present data showing a correlation between S100B and LT supports the notion of a LT trophic role in the CNS. Further investigations in high-risk infants are needed to elucidate LT involvement in the pathophysiological cascade of events leading to CNS development and damage.
S100B 是大脑发育和损伤的既定生物标志物。叶黄素（LT）是一种天然存在的叶黄素类胡萝卜素，主要集中在中枢神经系统（CNS）中，但它的神经营养作用仍存在争议。我们研究了早产儿和足月健康新生儿队列中脐带血中 LT 浓度与 S100B 是否相关。
我们对 50 例早产儿和 50 例足月健康新生儿的动脉脐带血中 LT 和 S100B 的分布进行了前瞻性研究。
S100B 和 LT 的浓度模式表现为 33-36 周妊娠（GA）时浓度较高（P<0.01，均为），随后从 37 周开始逐渐下降（P<0.01，均为），足月时出现下降。S100B 和 LT 均具有性别依赖性，在早产儿和足月组中女性的水平明显（P<0.01，均为）更高。S100B（R=0.68；P<0.001）和 LT（R=0.40；P=0.005）与采样时的 GA 相关。S100B 和 LT 之间存在正相关（R=0.87；P<0.001）。
本研究数据显示 S100B 和 LT 之间存在相关性，支持 LT 在 CNS 中具有营养作用的观点。需要对高危婴儿进行进一步研究，以阐明 LT 在导致 CNS 发育和损伤的病理生理级联事件中的作用。
