School of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
School of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Gastrointestinal Surgery Unit, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Supported by National Key Clinical Discipline, China.
J Geriatr Oncol. 2022 Sep;13(7):924-934. doi: 10.1016/j.jgo.2022.03.008. Epub 2022 May 26.
In the older patients with cancer, the combination of aging and cancer makes sarcopenia more likely to occur. However, previous studies paid less attention to the sarcopenia of older patients with cancer. To address these gaps, we conducted a scoped review of the prevalence, measurement, prognostic value, and clinical interventions of sarcopenia in this population.
A comprehensive search of PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wangfang electronic databases was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews. Two independent reviewers screened all abstracts and full-text studies for inclusion.
We identified 10,850 studies, and 39 met the inclusion criteria. Two reviewers extracted data on study characteristics, study design, measuring tools and main outcomes. This review included works from 11 countries. All studies were quantitative and most used a cross-sectional (n = 17) or retrospective (n = 16) design. The prevalence of sarcopenia in elderly cancer survivors ranged from 18.5% to 83%, and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) by computed tomography (CT) scan at lumbar 3 (L3) was the most commonly used way to define sarcopenia. Meanwhile, pre-therapeutic sarcopenia was significantly related to postoperative complications, lower overall survival and impaired physical function.
This review emphasizes sarcopenia is highly prevalent in older patients with cancer, which leads to poor outcomes and urgently needs attention from nutritionists, surgeons, oncologists, psychologists and nurses.
在老年癌症患者中，衰老和癌症的结合使肌肉减少症更有可能发生。然而，以前的研究对老年癌症患者的肌肉减少症关注较少。为了解决这些差距，我们对该人群中肌肉减少症的患病率、测量、预后价值和临床干预措施进行了范围广泛的综述。
根据系统评价和荟萃分析扩展的首选报告项目，对 PubMed、Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature（CINAHL）、Web of Science、Embase、中国国家知识基础设施（CNKI）和万方电子数据库进行了全面检索。两名独立审查员筛选了所有摘要和全文研究，以确定纳入标准。
我们确定了 10850 项研究，其中 39 项符合纳入标准。两名审查员提取了研究特征、研究设计、测量工具和主要结果的数据。本综述包括来自 11 个国家的研究。所有研究均为定量研究，其中大多数采用横断面（n=17）或回顾性（n=16）设计。老年癌症幸存者的肌肉减少症患病率从 18.5%到 83%不等，CT 扫描腰椎 3（L3）处的骨骼肌质量指数（SMI）是最常用的定义肌肉减少症的方法。同时，治疗前肌肉减少症与术后并发症、总体生存率降低和身体功能受损显著相关。
本综述强调肌肉减少症在老年癌症患者中高度普遍，导致不良结局，迫切需要营养师、外科医生、肿瘤学家、心理学家和护士的关注。
