Department of Children's Health Prevention, Shenyang Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shenyang, China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenyang, China.
Front Public Health. 2022 May 12;10:821905. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.821905. eCollection 2022.
Evidence of the association between maternal sulfur dioxide (SO) exposure and the risk of omphalocele is limited and equivocal. We aimed to assess the aforementioned topic during the first trimester of pregnancy. A population-based case-control study was carried out in infants consisting of 292 cases of omphalocele and 7,950 healthy infant controls. Exposure to SO, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤ 10 μm, and nitrogen dioxide was assessed by averaging the concentration from all stations in the mother's residential city. SO exposure was categorized into three groups, with the lowest tertile defined as the reference category. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression models. Higher SO exposure during the first trimester was significantly associated with omphalocele risk [per standard deviation (42 ug/m) increment: OR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.22-1.65]. When focusing on shorter exposure windows, similar positive associations were observed for SO exposure in the first and third months of pregnancy. In addition, compared with the lowest tertile, high SO exposure in the second month of pregnancy increased the risk of omphalocele (OR = 2.80, 95% CI = 1.61-4.97). Maternal exposure to SO during the first trimester may increase the risk of omphalocele in offspring.
母体二氧化硫（SO）暴露与脐膨出风险之间关联的证据有限且存在争议。我们旨在评估妊娠早期上述主题。在包括 292 例脐膨出患儿和 7950 例健康婴儿对照的婴儿中进行了一项基于人群的病例对照研究。通过平均母亲居住城市中所有站点的浓度来评估 SO、空气动力学直径≤10μm 的颗粒物和二氧化氮暴露。SO 暴露分为三组，最低三分位组为参考组。使用多变量逻辑回归模型估计比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。妊娠早期较高的 SO 暴露与脐膨出风险显著相关[每标准偏差（42ug/m）增加：OR=1.39，95%CI=1.22-1.65]。当关注较短的暴露窗口时，妊娠前三个月和第三个月的 SO 暴露也观察到类似的正相关。此外，与最低三分位相比，妊娠第二个月高 SO 暴露增加了脐膨出的风险（OR=2.80，95%CI=1.61-4.97）。妊娠早期母体 SO 暴露可能会增加后代脐膨出的风险。
