Laria Antonella, Lurati Alfredo Maria, Zizzo Gaetano, Zaccara Eleonora, Mazzocchi Daniela, Re Katia Angela, Marrazza Mariagrazia, Faggioli Paola, Mazzone Antonino
Asst Ovest Milanese-Rheumatology Unit, Magenta Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Asst Ovest Milanese-Internal Medicine Department, Cuggiono Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 May 13;9:837133. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.837133. eCollection 2022.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory disease, which primarily causes symmetric polyarthritis. An extrarticolar involvement is common, and the commonly involved organ is lungs. Although cardiac disease is responsible for most RA-related deaths, pulmonary disease is also a major contributor, accounting for ~10-20% of all mortality. Pulmonary disease is a common (60-80% of patients with RA) extra-articular complication of RA. Optimal screening, diagnostic, and treatment strategies of pulmonary disease remain uncertain, which have been the focus of an ongoing investigation. Clinicians should regularly assess patients with RA for the signs and symptoms of pulmonary disease and, reciprocally, consider RA and other connective tissue diseases when evaluating a patient with pulmonary disease of an unknown etiology. RA directly affects all anatomic compartments of the thorax, including the lung parenchyma, large and small airways, pleura, and less commonly vessels. In addition, pulmonary infection and drug-induced lung disease associated with immunosuppressive agents used for the treatment of RA may occur.
类风湿关节炎（RA）是一种全身性炎症性疾病，主要导致对称性多关节炎。关节外受累很常见，常见受累器官是肺部。虽然心脏疾病是大多数与RA相关死亡的原因，但肺部疾病也是主要因素之一，占所有死亡人数的约10 - 20%。肺部疾病是RA常见的（60 - 80%的RA患者）关节外并发症。肺部疾病的最佳筛查、诊断和治疗策略仍不确定，这一直是正在进行的研究重点。临床医生应定期评估RA患者是否有肺部疾病的体征和症状，反之，在评估病因不明的肺部疾病患者时应考虑RA和其他结缔组织疾病。RA直接影响胸部的所有解剖结构，包括肺实质、大小气道、胸膜，较少累及血管。此外，可能会发生与用于治疗RA的免疫抑制剂相关的肺部感染和药物性肺病。
