Basic Sciences Department, Deanship of Preparatory Year, University of Ha'il, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Science and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Oct;29(49):75043-75056. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-21092-2. Epub 2022 Jun 1.
The present study evaluated the effects of Hail Salvia officinalis total extract (SOTE) and its high flavonoid fraction (SOHFF) on the high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and hepatorenal damage in rats. Salvia officinalis plants were collected from Hail region, Saudi Arabia. Rats were fed HFD and supplemented orally with SOTE (250 mg kg) or SOHFF (100 mg kg) or simvastatin (SVS; 10 mg kg) every day for 8 weeks. Compared to the controls, HFD-induced obesity led to significant increases in body weight, body weight gained, blood insulin, leptin, cardiac enzymes (LDH and CPK) activity, and atherogenic index (AI). HFD rats also showed higher levels of hepatic and renal function biomarkers (ALT, urea, and creatinine), as well as lower levels of PPARγ and Nrf2-gene expression and a disrupted lipid profile. Moreover, HFD rats had lower levels of hepatic and renal antioxidant biomarkers (CAT, GPx, SOD, GR, and GSH), accompanied by higher levels of hepatic and renal lipid peroxidation (LPO), nitric oxide (NO), and inflammatory mediators (interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)). In addition, histological examination of hepatic and renal tissues revealed histopathological changes that validated the biochemical findings. Compared to HFD group, SOTE and SOHFF treatment led to marked amelioration of all the aforementioned parameters. Collectively, supplementation with SOTE and SOHFF effectively reversed HFD-induced alterations through its antioxidant, hypolipidemic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Hence, SOTE and SOHFF have therapeutic potential in controlling obesity and related pathologies.
本研究评估了藏丹参总提取物（SOTE）及其高黄酮部分（SOHFF）对高脂肪饮食（HFD）诱导的肥胖和肝肾损伤的影响。藏丹参植物采自沙特阿拉伯的海尔地区。大鼠给予 HFD，并每天口服给予 SOTE（250mg/kg）或 SOHFF（100mg/kg）或辛伐他汀（SVS；10mg/kg），持续 8 周。与对照组相比，HFD 诱导的肥胖导致体重、体重增加、血液胰岛素、瘦素、心脏酶（LDH 和 CPK）活性和动脉粥样硬化指数（AI）显著增加。HFD 大鼠的肝肾功能生物标志物（ALT、尿素和肌酐）水平也更高，而 PPARγ和 Nrf2 基因表达水平更低，脂质谱也被破坏。此外，HFD 大鼠的肝肾功能抗氧化生物标志物（CAT、GPx、SOD、GR 和 GSH）水平较低，同时肝肾功能脂质过氧化（LPO）、一氧化氮（NO）和炎症介质（白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α））水平较高。此外，肝肾功能组织学检查显示组织病理学变化，验证了生化发现。与 HFD 组相比，SOTE 和 SOHFF 治疗显著改善了所有上述参数。总之，SOTE 和 SOHFF 的补充通过其抗氧化、降血脂和抗炎特性有效逆转了 HFD 诱导的变化。因此，SOTE 和 SOHFF 具有控制肥胖和相关病理的治疗潜力。
