Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Atividade Física e Esportes, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
Braz J Med Biol Res. 2022 May 27;55:e11795. doi: 10.1590/1414-431X2022e11795. eCollection 2022.
There is a high incidence of non-obese type 2 diabetes mellitus (non-obese-T2DM) cases, particularly in Asian countries, for which the pathogenesis remains mainly unclear. Interestingly, Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats spontaneously develop insulin resistance (IR) and non-obese-T2DM, making them a lean diabetes model. Physical exercise is a non-pharmacological therapeutic approach to reduce adipose tissue mass, improving peripheral IR, glycemic control, and quality of life in obese animals or humans with T2DM. In this narrative review, we selected and analyzed the published literature on the effects of physical exercise on the metabolic features associated with non-obese-T2DM. Only randomized controlled trials with regular physical exercise training, freely executed physical activity, or skeletal muscle stimulation protocols in GK rats published after 2008 were included. The results indicated that exercise reduces plasma insulin levels, increases skeletal muscle glycogen content, improves exercise tolerance, protects renal and myocardial function, and enhances blood oxygen flow in GK rats.
有一种高发的非肥胖 2 型糖尿病（非肥胖-T2DM）病例，特别是在亚洲国家，其发病机制仍主要不清楚。有趣的是，GK 大鼠自发地出现胰岛素抵抗（IR）和非肥胖-T2DM，使它们成为一种消瘦的糖尿病模型。体育锻炼是一种非药物治疗方法，可以减少脂肪组织质量，改善肥胖动物或肥胖 2 型糖尿病患者的外周 IR、血糖控制和生活质量。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们选择并分析了已发表的关于体育锻炼对非肥胖-T2DM 相关代谢特征影响的文献。只纳入了 2008 年后发表的、针对 GK 大鼠的、有规律的体育锻炼训练、自由执行的体力活动或骨骼肌刺激方案的随机对照试验。结果表明，运动可降低血浆胰岛素水平，增加骨骼肌糖原含量，提高运动耐量，保护肾脏和心肌功能，并增强 GK 大鼠的血流氧合。
