Costa Nicole Rezende da, Mancine Livia, Salvini Rogerio, Teixeira Juliana de Melo, Rodriguez Roberta Diehl, Leite Renata Elaine Paraizo, Nascimento Camila, Pasqualucci Carlos Augusto, Nitrini Ricardo, Jacob-Filho Wilson, Lafer Beny, Grinberg Lea Tenenholz, Suemoto Claudia Kimie, Nunes Paula Villela
Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Goiás. Instituto de Informática. Goiânia, GO, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 2022 May 27;56:38. doi: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2022056004175. eCollection 2022.
To establish a microcephaly cut-off size in adults using head circumference as an indirect measure of brain size, as well as to explore factors associated with microcephaly via data mining.
In autopsy studies, head circumference was measured with an inelastic tape placed around the skull. Total brain volume was also directly measured. A linear regression was used to determine the association of head circumference with brain volume and clinical variables. Microcephaly was defined as head circumference that were two standard deviations below the mean of significant clinical variables. We further applied an association rule mining to find rules associating microcephaly with several sociodemographic and clinical variables.
In our sample of 2,508 adults, the mean head circumference was 55.3 ± 2.7cm. Head circumference was related to height, cerebral volume, and sex (p < 0.001 for all). Microcephaly was present in 4.7% of the sample (n = 119). Out of 34,355 association rules, we found significant relationships between microcephaly and a clinical dementia rating (CDR) > 0.5 with an informant questionnaire on cognitive decline in the elderly (IQCODE) ≥ 3.4 (confidence: 100% and lift: 5.6), between microcephaly and a CDR > 0.5 with age over 70 years (confidence: 42% and lift: 2.4), and microcephaly and males (confidence: 68.1% and lift: 1.3).
Head circumference was related to cerebral volume. Due to its low cost and easy use, head circumference can be used as a screening test for microcephaly, adjusting it for gender and height. Microcephaly was associated with dementia at old age.
利用头围作为脑容量的间接测量指标，建立成人小头畸形的临界尺寸，并通过数据挖掘探索与小头畸形相关的因素。
在尸检研究中，使用无弹性卷尺围绕颅骨测量头围。同时直接测量全脑体积。采用线性回归确定头围与脑容量及临床变量之间的关联。小头畸形定义为头围低于重要临床变量均值两个标准差。我们进一步应用关联规则挖掘来寻找小头畸形与若干社会人口统计学和临床变量之间的关联规则。
在我们的2508名成人样本中，平均头围为55.3±2.7厘米。头围与身高、脑容量和性别相关（所有p<0.001）。样本中4.7%（n = 119）存在小头畸形。在34355条关联规则中，我们发现小头畸形与临床痴呆评定量表（CDR）>0.5且老年人认知功能减退 informant 问卷（IQCODE）≥3.4之间存在显著关系（置信度：100%，提升度：5.6），小头畸形与CDR>0.5且年龄超过70岁之间存在显著关系（置信度：42%，提升度：2.4），以及小头畸形与男性之间存在显著关系（置信度：68.1%，提升度：1.3）。
头围与脑容量相关。由于其成本低且使用方便，头围可作为小头畸形的筛查测试，并根据性别和身高进行调整。小头畸形与老年痴呆有关。
