NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy.
Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy.
Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen. 2022 Jun;878:503477. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2022.503477. Epub 2022 Feb 24.
This short narrative review describes the use of the comet assay to evaluate the formation of genotoxic compounds in the gut lumen in human studies. The fecal water genotoxicity assay is based on ability of the gut content to induce genotoxicity in a cellular model, employing the aqueous component of the feces (fecal water) as this is supposed to contain most of the reactive species and to convey them to the intestinal epithelium. This non-invasive and low-cost assay has been demonstrated to be associated with colon cancer risk in animal models, and although the final validation against human tumors is lacking, it is widely used as a colo-rectal cancer risk biomarker in human nutritional intervention studies. The contribution given to the field of nutrition and cancer by the FW genotoxicity assay is highlighted, particularly in conjunction with other risk biomarkers, to shed light on the complex relationship among diet, microbiota, individual subject characteristics and the formation of genotoxic compounds in the gut.
本文简要综述了彗星试验在人类研究中评估肠道腔中遗传毒性化合物形成的应用。粪便水遗传毒性检测法基于肠道内容物在细胞模型中诱导遗传毒性的能力，使用粪便的水性成分（粪便水）作为检测对象，因为它被认为包含大多数活性物质，并将其传递到肠道上皮。这种非侵入性和低成本的检测方法已在动物模型中被证明与结肠癌风险相关，尽管尚未最终验证是否适用于人类肿瘤，但它已被广泛用作人类营养干预研究中结直肠癌风险的生物标志物。本文强调了粪便水遗传毒性检测法在营养与癌症领域的贡献，特别是与其他风险生物标志物结合使用，以阐明饮食、微生物群、个体特征以及肠道中遗传毒性化合物形成之间的复杂关系。
