Department of Midwifery and Women's Health, Division of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Health Quality and Outcome Research, Division of Nursing Systems, Global Nursing Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Jpn J Nurs Sci. 2022 Oct;19(4):e12492. doi: 10.1111/jjns.12492. Epub 2022 Jun 1.
Prolonged diaper dermatitis may increase the risk of atopic dermatitis or infections. This prospective observational study aimed to investigate the prevalence, symptoms, areas, and recovery time of diaper dermatitis in infants aged 1 month and identify the factors related to recovery time.
Diaper dermatitis was defined as the presence of erythema, papules, dryness, erosion, or ulceration in the diapered area. Recovery time was days between infant's 1-month medical check-up and disappearance of symptoms. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the log-rank test was used to identify the factors related to recovery time.
Among 113 infants, 66 (58.4%) had diaper dermatitis, with erythema at the perianal area being the most common symptom. The median recovery time was 10 days. Four infants (6.1%) had diaper dermatitis for >5 weeks. Severity was not related to recovery time.
A frequency of diaper changing of ≤10 times per day was a risk factor for recovery time. Our data showed recovery in approximately 10 days, regardless of severity at study enrollment. Health care professionals could inform parents of recovery time and recommended diaper changing frequency.
长时间尿布皮炎可能会增加特应性皮炎或感染的风险。本前瞻性观察研究旨在调查 1 月龄婴儿尿布皮炎的患病率、症状、部位和恢复时间，并确定与恢复时间相关的因素。
尿布皮炎定义为尿布区域存在红斑、丘疹、干燥、糜烂或溃疡。恢复时间是指从婴儿 1 个月的体检到症状消失的天数。使用 Kaplan-Meier 法进行生存分析，使用对数秩检验确定与恢复时间相关的因素。
在 113 名婴儿中，66 名（58.4%）患有尿布皮炎，最常见的症状是肛周红斑。中位恢复时间为 10 天。有 4 名（6.1%）婴儿的尿布皮炎持续>5 周。严重程度与恢复时间无关。
每天更换尿布的频率≤10 次是恢复时间的危险因素。我们的数据显示，无论研究开始时的严重程度如何，大约在 10 天内即可恢复。卫生保健专业人员可以告知家长恢复时间和推荐的尿布更换频率。
