Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda.
BMJ Open. 2022 Jun 2;12(6):e057322. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057322.
The resurgence in cases and deaths due to COVID-19 in many countries suggests complacency in adhering to COVID-19 preventive guidelines. Vaccination, therefore, remains a key intervention in mitigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated the level of adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures and intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine among Ugandans.
DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A nationwide cross-sectional survey of 1053 Ugandan adults was conducted in March 2021 using telephone interviews.
Participants reported on adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures and intention to be vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccines.
Overall, 10.2% of the respondents adhered to the COVID-19 preventive guidelines and 57.8% stated definite intention to receive a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Compared with women, men were less likely to adhere to COVID-19 guidelines (Odds Ratio (OR)=0.64, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.99). Participants from the northern (4.0%, OR=0.28, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.92), western (5.1%, OR=0.30, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.65) and eastern regions (6.5%, OR=0.47, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.92), respectively, had lower odds of adhering to the COVID-19 guidelines than those from the central region (14.7%). A higher monthly income of ≥US$137 (OR=2.31, 95% CI 1.14 to 4.58) and a history of chronic disease (OR=1.81, 95% CI 1.14 to 2.86) were predictors of adherence. Concerns about the chances of getting COVID-19 in the future (Prevalence Ratio (PR)=1.26, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.48) and fear of severe COVID-19 infection (PR=1.20, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.38) were the strongest predictors for a definite intention, while concerns for side effects were negatively associated with vaccination intent (PR=0.75, 95% CI 0.68 to 0.83).
Behaviour change programmes need to be strengthened to promote adherence to COVID-19 preventive guidelines as vaccination is rolled out as another preventive measure. Dissemination of accurate, safe and efficacious information about the vaccines is necessary to enhance vaccine uptake.
许多国家 COVID-19 病例和死亡人数的反弹表明人们对遵守 COVID-19 预防指南的自满。因此，接种疫苗仍然是减轻 COVID-19 大流行影响的关键干预措施。本研究调查了乌干达人对 COVID-19 预防措施的遵守程度以及接种 COVID-19 疫苗的意愿。
设计、地点和参与者：2021 年 3 月，使用电话访谈对 1053 名乌干达成年人进行了全国性横断面调查。
参与者报告了对 COVID-19 预防措施的遵守情况以及接种 COVID-19 疫苗的意愿。
总体而言，10.2%的受访者遵守 COVID-19 预防指南，57.8%表示肯定有意愿接种 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗。与女性相比，男性更不可能遵守 COVID-19 指南（优势比（OR）=0.64，95%置信区间 0.41 至 0.99）。来自北部（4.0%，OR=0.28，95%置信区间 0.12 至 0.92）、西部（5.1%，OR=0.30，95%置信区间 0.14 至 0.65）和东部地区（6.5%，OR=0.47，95%置信区间 0.24 至 0.92）的参与者分别比中部地区（14.7%）的参与者不太可能遵守 COVID-19 指南。更高的月收入≥137 美元（OR=2.31，95%置信区间 1.14 至 4.58）和患有慢性疾病（OR=1.81，95%置信区间 1.14 至 2.86）是遵守的预测因素。对未来感染 COVID-19 的可能性的担忧（患病率比（PR）=1.26，95%置信区间 1.06 至 1.48）和对严重 COVID-19 感染的恐惧（PR=1.20，95%置信区间 1.04 至 1.38）是明确意愿的最强预测因素，而对副作用的担忧与接种意愿呈负相关（PR=0.75，95%置信区间 0.68 至 0.83）。
随着疫苗接种作为另一项预防措施的推出，需要加强行为改变计划以促进遵守 COVID-19 预防指南。有必要传播关于疫苗的准确、安全和有效的信息，以提高疫苗接种率。
