Infectious Disease Epidemiology Group, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Doha, Qatar.
World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Disease Epidemiology Analytics on HIV/AIDS, Sexually Transmitted Infections, and Viral Hepatitis, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation-Education City, Cornell University, Doha, Qatar.
Nat Commun. 2022 Jun 2;13(1):3082. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-30895-3.
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 subvariants are genetically divergent. We conducted a matched, test-negative, case-control study to estimate duration of protection of the second and third/booster doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines against BA.1 and BA.2 infections in Qatar. BNT162b2 effectiveness was highest at 46.6% (95% CI: 33.4-57.2%) against symptomatic BA.1 and at 51.7% (95% CI: 43.2-58.9%) against symptomatic BA.2 infections in the first three months after the second dose, but declined to ~10% or below thereafter. Effectiveness rebounded to 59.9% (95% CI: 51.2-67.0%) and 43.7% (95% CI: 36.5-50.0%), respectively, in the first month after the booster dose, before declining again. Effectiveness against COVID-19 hospitalization and death was 70-80% after the second dose and >90% after the booster dose. mRNA-1273 vaccine protection showed similar patterns. mRNA vaccines provide comparable, moderate, and short-lived protection against symptomatic BA.1 and BA.2 Omicron infections, but strong and durable protection against COVID-19 hospitalization and death.
SARS-CoV-2 奥密克戎 BA.1 和 BA.2 亚变体在基因上存在差异。我们进行了一项匹配的、病例对照研究，以估计在卡塔尔，mRNA COVID-19 疫苗第二剂和第三/加强剂对 BA.1 和 BA.2 感染的保护持续时间。在第二剂后三个月内，BNT162b2 对有症状的 BA.1 的有效性最高，为 46.6%（95%CI：33.4-57.2%），对有症状的 BA.2 感染的有效性为 51.7%（95%CI：43.2-58.9%），但此后降至 10%以下或以下。在加强剂量后第一个月，有效性分别反弹至 59.9%（95%CI：51.2-67.0%）和 43.7%（95%CI：36.5-50.0%），然后再次下降。第二剂后对 COVID-19 住院和死亡的有效性为 70-80%，加强剂后超过 90%。mRNA-1273 疫苗的保护作用显示出类似的模式。mRNA 疫苗对有症状的 BA.1 和 BA.2 奥密克戎感染提供了相当、适度且短暂的保护，但对 COVID-19 住院和死亡提供了强大而持久的保护。
