Kyoung Dae-Sung, Kim Hun-Sung
Data Science Team, Hanmi Pharm. Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
J Lipid Atheroscler. 2022 May;11(2):103-110. doi: 10.12997/jla.2022.11.2.103. Epub 2021 Nov 26.
Almost every Korean (97%) is enrolled in the National Health Insurance program, and most receive medical treatment at least once a year. Data are collected by the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA), and the results of the review are sent to the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS). The data handled by NHIS and HIRA cover almost the entire population and can be used for various research purposes. NHIS and HIRA support research by making these data available to researchers. The greatest advantage of these data is that they are the only data which include virtually the entire population. Both HIRA and NHIS data are provided in the form of sample data and all (customized) data. NHIS and HIRA data are similar but exhibit minor differences. HIRA data consists of five tables, including general specification details, in-hospital treatment details, disease details, out-of-hospital prescription details, and nursing institution information. NHIS data include death records (including cause of death), some medical examination records, and the socio-economic variables of the subject, such as income, in addition to all the HIRA data. Clinical results of treatments are not recorded in NHIS or HIRA. However, because public data are used for billing purposes, actual research has thus far been limited. Therefore, researchers must develop a study design that can minimize the errors or bias occurring during the course of the study. Therefore, it is necessary to clearly understand the structure and characteristics of NHIS and HIRA data when initiating research.
几乎每个韩国人（97%）都加入了国民健康保险计划，且大多数人每年至少接受一次医疗服务。数据由健康保险审查与评估服务机构（HIRA）收集，审查结果会发送至国民健康保险服务机构（NHIS）。NHIS和HIRA处理的数据覆盖了几乎全部人口，可用于各种研究目的。NHIS和HIRA通过向研究人员提供这些数据来支持研究。这些数据的最大优势在于它们是几乎涵盖整个人口的唯一数据。HIRA和NHIS的数据均以样本数据和所有（定制）数据的形式提供。NHIS和HIRA的数据相似但存在细微差异。HIRA数据由五张表格组成，包括一般规格细节、住院治疗细节、疾病细节、院外处方细节和护理机构信息。除了所有HIRA数据外，NHIS数据还包括死亡记录（包括死因）、一些体检记录以及研究对象的社会经济变量，如收入。治疗的临床结果未记录在NHIS或HIRA中。然而，由于公共数据用于计费目的，迄今为止实际研究受到限制。因此，研究人员必须制定一种能够将研究过程中出现的误差或偏差降至最低的研究设计。所以，在开展研究时，有必要清楚了解NHIS和HIRA数据的结构和特征。
