Bitaraf Pegah, Asefnejad Azadeh, Hassanzadeh Nemati Nahid
Biomedical Engineering Department, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2022 Mar;25(3):330-340. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2022.62366.13796.
Many people all around the world encounter major problems due to nervous system injuries. Among the various methods of treating, neural tissue engineering has attracted a lot of attention from nerve science researchers.
There are various methods for fabrication of soft tissue, however the electrospinning method (ELS) is a simple and cost-effective method that can produce porous fiber scaffolds to simulate the environment of the extracellular matrix (ECM). In this study, an ELS technique was used to fabricate polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) tissues and graphene nanosheet (Gr-NS) added with omega-3 fatty acids (O3FA) was loaded in these tissues that support nerve tissue regeneration. For this purpose, PVA and Gr-NS for biaxial ELS, PVA containing 0.5 wt%, and 1 wt% of Gr-NS was used.. Then, the morphology of these scaffolds was observed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique.
The results show after loading of O3FA, the fiber diameter reaches 0.573±0.12 µm, which is within the range of dimensions required for nerve tissue engineering. FTIR analysis indicates that Gr-NS and O3FA have been well loaded in the scaffolds. The results of water absorption and biodegradation tests demonstrated that the sample with 0.5% Gr-NS has 211.98% and 16.54% water absorption and biodegradation after 48 hr and 6 days, respectively.
Finally, the results of this study indicate that scaffolds loaded with 0.5% Gr-NS have a homogeneous, porous, and integrated structure which can be effective in nerve tissue engineering.
世界各地许多人因神经系统损伤而遭遇重大问题。在各种治疗方法中，神经组织工程引起了神经科学研究人员的广泛关注。
软组织制造方法多种多样，然而电纺丝法（ELS）是一种简单且经济高效的方法，能够生产多孔纤维支架以模拟细胞外基质（ECM）环境。在本研究中，采用ELS技术制造聚乙烯醇（PVA）组织，并将添加了ω-3脂肪酸（O3FA）的石墨烯纳米片（Gr-NS）负载于这些支持神经组织再生的组织中。为此，使用用于双轴ELS的PVA和Gr-NS，采用含0.5 wt%和1 wt% Gr-NS的PVA。然后，通过光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）技术观察这些支架的形态。
结果表明，负载O3FA后，纤维直径达到0.573±0.12 µm，处于神经组织工程所需尺寸范围内。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）分析表明Gr-NS和O3FA已良好负载于支架中。吸水和生物降解测试结果表明，含0.5% Gr-NS的样品在48小时和6天后的吸水率和生物降解率分别为211.98%和16.54%。
最后，本研究结果表明，负载0.5% Gr-NS的支架具有均匀、多孔且完整的结构，可有效应用于神经组织工程。
