PhD Scholar, Professor and PG Guide, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, KM Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, Gujarat, India, e-mail:
Professor and Head, Department of Paediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, KM Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
J Contemp Dent Pract. 2021 Dec 1;22(12):1457-1461.
To assess third and fourth cervical vertebra morphologic dimensions as per the cervical vertebral maturation stage proposed by Hassel and Farman from 7 to 18 years.
A cross-sectional radiographic study was conducted on 264 participants within an age-group of 7-18 years who were further categorized into six subgroups having an interval of 1 year and 11 months chronologic age. The maturation stage and morphometric evaluation of the cervical vertebra were assessed for the same patient. The maturation stage was assessed as per the morphologic classification given by Hassel and Farman. The morphometric evaluation was assessed by measuring the anterior (AH3 and AH4), vertebral body (H3 and H4), posterior heights, and anteroposterior width (APW3 and APW4) of third and fourth cervical vertebra in millimeters which was carried out with the help of "IC measure software." One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey's multiple comparison, and Spearman's correlation coefficient were utilized to determine the significance and correlation between the vertebral maturation and millimetric measurement between age-groups. The multiple comparison levels were set at 0.05 level of significance.
A high significant correlation was observed between PH3 and APW3 (, 0.737). Moderate significant correlation was observed with H3 and PH3 (, 0.605, 0.640), and APW3, APW4 (, 0.534, 0.614) in the initiation stage in both the vertebrae; AH3, H3 (, 0.498) and H3, APW3 (, 0.576) in deceleration stage. A negative moderate significant correlation between AH4, PH4 (, -0.691) was observed in the deceleration stage. The transition, maturation, and completion stages did not reveal any significant correlation.
Significant morphologic difference was observed among all the stages of vertebral maturation. Higher dimensions were observed among males. Anteroposterior width had the highest dimension. Significant morphometric changes were observed in stages of maturation and transition stages.
The dimensions of anterior, vertebral, and posterior height of the third and fourth cervical vertebra can supplement in identifying the precise morphologic classification whenever there is an overlap in the opinion of staging cervical vertebral maturation based on Hassel and Farman.
根据 Hassel 和 Farman 提出的颈椎成熟度阶段，评估 7 至 18 岁人群的第三和第四颈椎形态学尺寸。
对 264 名 7 至 18 岁年龄组的参与者进行了横断面影像学研究，并进一步分为 6 个亚组，每个亚组的年龄间隔为 1 年 11 个月。对同一患者进行颈椎成熟度阶段和形态学评估。成熟度阶段按照 Hassel 和 Farman 的形态学分类进行评估。形态学评估通过测量毫米的第三和第四颈椎的前（AH3 和 AH4）、椎体（H3 和 H4）、后高和前后径（APW3 和 APW4）来进行，这是借助“IC 测量软件”完成的。利用单因素方差分析（ANOVA）、Tukey 多重比较和 Spearman 相关系数来确定组间颈椎成熟度和毫米测量之间的显著性和相关性。多重比较水平设定为 0.05 显著性水平。
在起始阶段，第三颈椎的 PH3 与 APW3 之间观察到高度显著相关性（r=0.737），在第三颈椎的 H3 与 PH3（r=0.605，0.640）和 APW3，APW4（r=0.534，0.614）之间观察到中度显著相关性；在减速阶段，第三颈椎的 AH3 与 H3（r=0.498）和 H3 与 APW3（r=0.576）之间观察到中度显著相关性。在减速阶段，第四颈椎的 AH4 与 PH4 之间观察到负中度显著相关性（r=-0.691）。在过渡、成熟和完成阶段，未发现任何显著相关性。
在颈椎成熟度的所有阶段都观察到显著的形态差异。男性的尺寸较大。前后径的尺寸最大。在成熟和过渡阶段观察到显著的形态变化。
第三和第四颈椎的前、椎体和后高的尺寸可以补充，以便在根据 Hassel 和 Farman 对颈椎成熟度进行分期时，当存在意见重叠时，用于确定准确的形态学分类。
