Internal Medicine Department, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, Lebanon.
Diagnostic Radiology Department, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, Lebanon.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2022 May 30;16(5):737-744. doi: 10.3855/jidc.15701.
Hepatitis E virus is a leading cause of hepatitis in the Middle East and North Africa region. Although several countries in this area were shown to be endemic for hepatitis E, little is known about the epidemiology and possible preventive measures. In this manuscript, we present the results of a systematic review addressing the seroprevalence of hepatitis E antibodies in the Middle East and North Africa region. Subsequently, we discuss the main prevention strategies for this virus.
We performed a literature review using the PubMed Database of all the Studies reporting data on hepatitis E seroprevalence (Anti-hepatitis E IgM and IgG) among the 20 countries of the Middle East and North Africa region from January 2000 to July 2021.
Eighty-nine articles were identified and included in our review. Ten of the MENA countries did not have any study that fits our criteria. Egypt and Iran were the countries with the highest IgG seroprevalence for hepatitis E reaching 85.1% and 68.6% respectively. Concerning acute hepatitis E presentations, Iraq and Egypt were shown to have the highest IgM seroprevalence reaching 38.1% and 35.3% respectively. Hemodialysis and poly-transfused patients as well as patients with concomitant hepatotropic viruses' infections were reported to have a higher seroprevalence than the general population.
Hepatitis E is a major healthcare problem in the endemic Middle East and North Africa region. Even though no definite prevention strategy was described until today, implementing multiple minor precautionary approaches could help reduce the virus spread.
戊型肝炎病毒是导致中东和北非地区肝炎的主要原因。尽管该地区的几个国家被证明存在戊型肝炎流行，但对其流行病学和可能的预防措施知之甚少。在本文中，我们介绍了一项系统评价的结果，该评价针对中东和北非地区戊型肝炎抗体的血清流行率。随后，我们讨论了针对这种病毒的主要预防策略。
我们使用 PubMed 数据库对 2000 年 1 月至 2021 年 7 月期间报道中东和北非地区 20 个国家戊型肝炎血清流行率（抗戊型肝炎 IgM 和 IgG）数据的所有研究进行了文献回顾。
确定了 89 篇文章，并将其纳入我们的综述。10 个 MENA 国家没有任何符合我们标准的研究。埃及和伊朗的戊型肝炎 IgG 血清流行率最高，分别达到 85.1%和 68.6%。关于急性戊型肝炎的表现，伊拉克和埃及的 IgM 血清流行率最高，分别达到 38.1%和 35.3%。与普通人群相比，血液透析和多次输血的患者以及同时感染嗜肝病毒的患者的血清流行率更高。
戊型肝炎是中东和北非流行地区的一个主要医疗保健问题。尽管目前还没有明确的预防策略，但实施多种小的预防措施可能有助于减少病毒传播。
