Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2022 May 30;16(5):857-863. doi: 10.3855/jidc.14427.
Viruses are responsible for two-thirds of all acute respiratory tract infections. This study aims to retrospectively detect respiratory tract viruses in patients from all age groups who visited the hospital.
A total of 1592 samples from 1416 patients with respiratory tract symptoms were sent from several clinics to the Molecular Microbiology Laboratory at Gazi University Hospital from February 2016 to January 2019. Nucleic acid extraction from nasopharyngeal swabs, throat swabs or bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples sent to our laboratory was done using a commercial automated system. Extracted nucleic acids were amplified by a commercial multiplex-real time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method, which can detect 18 viral respiratory pathogens.
Among 1592 samples, 914 (57.4%) were positive for respiratory viruses. The most prevalent were rhinovirus (25.2%) and influenza A virus (12.1%), the least prevalent was the bocavirus (2.6%). Rhinovirus was the most detected as a single agent (21.2%, 194/914) among all positive cases, followed by coronavirus (9.3%, 85/914). The detection rates of coronavirus, human adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus A/B, human parainfluenza viruses, human metapneumovirus-A/B, human parechovirus, enterovirus and influenza B virus were 9.9%, 8%, 7.7%, 5%, 3.4%, 3.1%, 3%, and 2.8%, respectively.
The most detected viral agents in our study were influenza A virus and rhinovirus. Laboratory diagnosis of respiratory viruses is helpful to prevent unnecessary antibiotic use and is essential in routine diagnostics for antiviral treatment. Multiplex Real-time PCR method is fast and useful for the diagnosis of viral respiratory infections.
病毒是所有急性呼吸道感染的三分之二的罪魁祸首。本研究旨在回顾性检测来自各年龄段因呼吸道症状就诊的患者的呼吸道病毒。
2016 年 2 月至 2019 年 1 月，从几个诊所共向加济大学医院分子微生物学实验室发送了来自 1416 名呼吸道症状患者的 1592 个样本。使用商业自动化系统从我们实验室收到的鼻咽拭子、咽拭子或支气管肺泡灌洗液（BAL）样本中提取核酸。提取的核酸通过商业多重实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）方法进行扩增，该方法可检测 18 种病毒呼吸道病原体。
在 1592 个样本中，914 个（57.4%）对呼吸道病毒呈阳性。最常见的是鼻病毒（25.2%）和甲型流感病毒（12.1%），最少的是博卡病毒（2.6%）。在所有阳性病例中，鼻病毒作为单一试剂的检出率最高（21.2%，194/914），其次是冠状病毒（9.3%，85/914）。冠状病毒、人类腺病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒 A/B、人类副流感病毒、人偏肺病毒-A/B、人副肠病毒、肠道病毒和乙型流感病毒的检出率分别为 9.9%、8%、7.7%、5%、3.4%、3.1%、3%和 2.8%。
在我们的研究中，检测到的最常见病毒是甲型流感病毒和鼻病毒。呼吸道病毒的实验室诊断有助于防止不必要的抗生素使用，是抗病毒治疗常规诊断的关键。多重实时 PCR 方法快速且可用于病毒呼吸道感染的诊断。
