Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore, Queenstown, Singapore.
The N.1 Institute for Health National University of Singapore, Queenstown, Singapore.
Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2022 Jul 25;380(2228):20210020. doi: 10.1098/rsta.2021.0020. Epub 2022 Jun 6.
Wireless interfaces enable brain-implanted devices to remotely interact with the external world. They are critical components in modern research and clinical neurotechnologies and play a central role in determining their overall size, lifetime and functionality. Wireless interfaces use a wide range of modalities-including radio-frequency fields, acoustic waves and light-to transfer energy and data to and from an implanted device. These forms of energy interact with living tissue through distinct mechanisms and therefore lead to systems with vastly different form factors, operating characteristics, and safety considerations. This paper reviews recent advances in the development of wireless interfaces for brain neurotechnologies. We summarize the requirements that state-of-the-art brain-implanted devices impose on the wireless interface, and discuss the working principles and applications of wireless interfaces based on each modality. We also investigate challenges associated with wireless brain neurotechnologies and discuss emerging solutions permitted by recent developments in electrical engineering and materials science. This article is part of the theme issue 'Advanced neurotechnologies: translating innovation for health and well-being'.
无线接口使植入式大脑设备能够与外部世界进行远程交互。它们是现代研究和临床神经技术的关键组成部分，在决定其整体尺寸、寿命和功能方面起着核心作用。无线接口使用包括射频场、声波和光在内的多种模式来在植入式设备与外部设备之间传输能量和数据。这些形式的能量通过不同的机制与活体组织相互作用，因此导致具有截然不同的外形因素、操作特性和安全考虑的系统。本文综述了用于脑神经技术的无线接口的最新进展。我们总结了最先进的植入式大脑设备对无线接口的要求，并讨论了基于每种模式的无线接口的工作原理和应用。我们还研究了与无线脑神经技术相关的挑战，并讨论了电气工程和材料科学的最新发展所带来的新兴解决方案。本文是“高级神经技术：创新转化为健康和福祉”主题特刊的一部分。
