Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, 1520 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, 1520 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Sleep Med Clin. 2022 Jun;17(2):233-239. doi: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2022.03.004.
Although insomnia is not a normal part of the aging process, its prevalence increases with age. Factors such as medications and medical and psychiatric disorders can increase the risk for insomnia. In order to diagnose insomnia, it is important for older adults to complete comprehensive sleep and health histories. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia, which includes stimulus control, sleep restriction, sleep hygiene, and cognitive therapy, is the recommended first-line treatment of insomnia and is more effective that medications for the long-term management of insomnia. Medications such as benzodiazepines and antidepressants should be avoided for the treatment of insomnia in older adults.
尽管失眠并不是衰老过程中的正常现象，但随着年龄的增长，其发病率会增加。药物、医疗和精神疾病等因素会增加失眠的风险。为了诊断失眠，老年人完成全面的睡眠和健康史非常重要。失眠的推荐一线治疗方法是认知行为疗法，包括刺激控制、睡眠限制、睡眠卫生和认知疗法，对于失眠的长期管理比药物更有效。对于老年人的失眠治疗，应避免使用苯二氮䓬类药物和抗抑郁药等药物。
